A bed of coal particles, 2 ft in diameter and 6 ft deep, is to be fluidized using a hydrocarbon liquid with a viscosity 15 cP and a density of 0.9 g/cm3 . The coal particles have a density of 1.4...

A bed of coal particles, 2 ft in diameter and 6 ft deep, is to be fluidized using a hydrocarbon liquid with a viscosity 15 cP and a density of 0.9 g/cm3 . The coal particles have a density of 1.4 g/cm3 and an equivalent spherical diameter of 1/8 in. If the bed porosity is 0.4:

(a) Determine the range of liquid superficial velocities over which the bed is fluidized.

(b) Repeat the problem using the ‘‘particle swarm’’ (Barnea and Mizrah, 1973) ‘‘swarm terminal velocity’’ approach, assuming (1) ’ ¼ 1 "; ð2Þ ’ ¼ 1 "mf.