An experimenter with only a modicum of statistical training took the data in Exercise 14.3 and ran an independent-groups t test instead, using the difference scores (training minus baseline) as the...

An experimenter with only a modicum of statistical training took the data in Exercise 14.3 and ran an independent-groups t test instead, using the difference scores (training minus baseline) as the raw data.

a. Run that analysis.

b. Square the value of t and compare it to the Fs you obtained in Exercise 14.3.

c. Explain why t 2 is not equal to F for Groups.

To demonstrate the practical uses of basic learning principles, a psychologist with an interest in behavior modification collected data on a study designed to teach self-care skills to severely developmentally handicapped children. An experimental group received reinforcement for activities related to self-care. A second group received an equivalent amount of attention, but no reinforcement. The children were scored (blind) by a rater on a 10-point scale of self-sufficiency. The ratings were done in a baseline session and at the end of training. The data follow:

Run the appropriate analysis and state your conclusions.