Assignment 2 See Learning Guide for the due date. This assignment must be prepared by the student submitting the assignment. Collaboration between students though is encouraged to enhance the learning...

Q1. Warning systems (8 marks)
1.1. What is the main difference between a Building occupant warning system and an emergency warning and intercom system (or emergency warning system)?
Ans.
BOWS – Building Occupant Warning System
EWIS - Emergency Warning and Intercommunication System.
Referring to the structural dimension and the operation purposes the warning systems are designed and installed. Building occupant warning system used for, to alert or to announce something to the occupants at once. Whereas the emergency warning and intercom system used for to alert and evacuate in phase wise or to alert individual. It can be connected to the warden intercom phones or WIP to communicate all sectors and intercom system on independent floor.
The emergency warning and intercommunication system can operate as to play background music or general public announcement. When system detects fire by default it will disable the music and facilitate the fire alarm. It can guide the building lock down with customized voice note and direction. This system complies the AS1851 guideline.
1.2. Describe one example of an audible warning cue.
Ans. Example of an audible warning cue is smoke alarm system. A sound energy produces a resonating wave to a closest molecule within the selected material. We know that dense materials produce a better sound than less dense materials. Smoke alarm system is an integrated equipment, consist of the audible signals, rings, sirens customized voice and intense flashing lights. Maintenance of this system must be done regularly as per the schedule. Generally, the quarterly check and test are recommended. It has a switch as a test button. This switch must be checked and tested at least once in a month to certify that alarm is working in a right condition. Bursting of the fire nozzle is recommended at least once in a year. The purpose of this system is when building caught fire, quickly apartment would be filled by the smoke and the toxic gases. It would be a far before the flame and the heat can spread. Major incidents happen in fire by the toxic gas only. Research evident that many victims are never even burnt by flames. This smoke alarm system is the most trusted protection in regards to this life threating events. At very initial stage it can sense the tiny presence of smoke and initiate the sounds alarm. It provides the escape window much before the smoke could capture.
1.3. Describe one example of a visual warning device.
Ans. A visual warning device is known as the VAD or visual alarm device. It is a type of elevated system which installed at the facade of the building to indicate the location of the selected building entry. A fire alarm system is an important part of the complete fire protection and life safety plan of a building. It provided various operating features. It can indicate the occupants and in specific cases local emergency supports of an emergency. The visible indication enables an audio and visual alarm to the installed area. The main fire alarm unit sent a signal to the notification panel via the notification appliance circuit. The VAD fire alarm system is designed by the building safety and the fire guidelines which ever is applicable to the selected area. The notification panel or the notification appliance circuit (NAC)are monitored by the fire alarm control device or the fire alarm control unit (FACU). Basic working principle is a diode in it which enables current flow in specific direction such as one way valve. In a no alarm condition the fire alarm control unit sent a tiny current in a specific direction, in such way that the diode should not enable other current to flow via the notification panel. Therefore, if the fire alarm circuit unit no longer detect the tiny current, it indicates that there is a problem. The alarm condition, a fire alarm circuit unit produces an opposite polarity of the current and enhance it specifically up to 24 vdc. Hence there is change of current flow’s direction, therefore, the diode will enable the current to flow via the notification panel and create the audible and visual indication.
Q2. Fire Safety Schedules (26 marks)
Prepare a fire safety schedule for the building described below that complies with the deemed-to-satisfy provisions of the National Construction Code (NCC) Volume One 2019 Amendment 1.
Use Section 79 of the NSW Environmental Planning and Assessment (Development Certification and Fire Safety) Regulation 2021 for guidance. Items associated with compartmentation, protection of openings, etc. do not need to be included
Building Description:
• Class 2 residential building with 15 storeys above ground level and 3 storeys of basement
carpark below ground level (total of 18 storeys contained).
• The ground floor (Ground Level) contains retail tenancies and an entry lobby/lift lobby for
providing access to the residential levels above (Levels 1 to 14).
• Each floor has a floor area of 1,200 m2
and contains 6 residential units on the residential levels.
• The floor to floor (or slab to slab) height is 3 metres.
State any assumptions that you need to make.
Ans. Fire Safety Schedule:
    Essential Fire safety cardinals
    Standard of performance design & installation standard
    Proposed
    Remarks
    Building in a flood area
    BP 1. 4
    
    only applies to buildings in which people are likely to sleep that are located in a flood hazard area, i.e. a Class 2
    Spread of fire
    CF2(c)
    
    in Class 2 parts used as sole-occupancy units that provide sleeping
accommodation to allow sufficient time for the occupants to safely evacuate;
    Spread of fire
    CP2(a)(ii)
    
    aims to minimise the risk of people in Class 2 buildings, for example, if they were sleeping and consequently having difficulty escaping a fire. For this reason, CP2(a)(ii) requires that sole-occupancy units and corridors used for escaping be provided, to the degree necessary, with protection to avoid the spread of fire.
    Type of construction required
    C1.1(a)
    
    sets out the minimum type of fire-resisting construction required by the Deemed-to-Satisfy Provisions for all Class
2 buildings.
    
    C1.1(b)
    
    requires building elements to comply with Specification C1.1 for the appropriate type of construction.
    Class and height (rise in storeys)
    Table C1.1
    
    explains that the required type of construction of a building depends on risk levels as indicated by the Class of
building and the building’s height as indicated by the rise in storeys. Note that there could be other factors that need to be
considered. For example, C2.2 and Table C2.2 examine the maximum permissible size of fire compartments or atriums in
buildings for specific types of construction.
    Class 4 parts of buildings
    C1.6
    
    The reason for requiring the same FRL for a Class 4 as a Class 2 building is because the two different classifications have similar fire loads. It should be noted that the Type of construction required for a Class 4 part is determined in accordance with C1.3.
    Separation of classifications in different storeys
    C2.9(b)
    
    C2.9(b) sets out the requirements for buildings of Type B and Type C construction. However, note that C2.9(b) is only applicable where one of the parts being separated is Class 2, Specification C1.1 Clauses 4.1(i) and 5.1(e) require floors to be protected if the building is Class 2.
    Public corridors in Class 2 buildings
    C2.14
    
    In a Class 2 building there is a very high risk that building occupants will be asleep when a fire occurs. It is important that they be able to safely evacuate the building. To assist in the safe evacuation, long public corridors should not become smoke logged.
    Bounding construction: Class 2
    
    
    To maintain the fire performance of walls surrounding a sole-occupancy unit and corridors used as egress routes in Class 2 buildings, C3.11(a) and (b) requires the following doorways to be protected
    
    C3.11.(a)(i)
    
    between sole-occupancy units and any public corridor, public hallway or the like (see C3.11(a)(i));
    
    C3.11(a)(ii)
    
    between sole-occupancy units and any room not within a sole-occupancy unit, such as a common laundry, common sitting room and the like (see C3.11(a)(ii));
    
    C3.11(a)(iii)
    
    between sole-occupancy units and any landing of an internal, non-fire-isolated stair serving as a required exit (see C3.11(a)(iii));
    
    C3.11(a)(iv)
    
    between sole-occupancy units (see C3.11(a)(iv));
    
    C3.11(b)(i)
    
    between a room not in a sole-occupancy unit (such as a common laundry, common sitting room and the like) and any public corridor, public hallway or the like (see C3.11(b)(i)); and
    
    C3.11(b)(ii)
    
    between a room not in a sole-occupancy unit (such as a common laundry, common sitting room and the like) and any landing of an internal, non-fire-isolated stair serving as a required exit (see C3.11(b)(ii)).
    Fire protection required for...