Assignment Patient Self Determination Act.

Please, list all of the key points for the patient determination act. Describe in detail the components of each act.





comp1_unit1c_lecture_slides.ppt Introduction to Healthcare and Public Health in the US Introduction and History of Modern Healthcare in the US Lecture c This material (Comp1_Unit1c) was developed by Oregon Health and Science University, funded by the Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology under Award Number IU24OC000015. Welcome to Introduction to Healthcare and Public Health in the US, An Introduction and History of Modern Healthcare in the US This is Lecture c. The component, Introduction to Healthcare in the US, is a survey of how healthcare and public health are organized and services are delivered in the US. * Introduction and History of Modern Healthcare in the US Learning Objectives * Delineate key definitions in the healthcare domain (Lectures a, b, c, d) Explore components of healthcare delivery and healthcare systems (Lecture a) Define public health and review examples of improvements in public health (Lecture b) Discuss core values and paradigm shifts in US healthcare (Lecture c) Describe in overview terms, the technology used in the delivery and administration of healthcare (Lecture d) Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3.0/Spring 2012 Introduction to Healthcare and Public Health in the US Introduction and History of Modern Healthcare in the US Lecture c Introduction to Healthcare and Public Health in the US Introduction and History of Modern Healthcare in the US Lecture c The Objectives for Introduction and History of Modern Healthcare in the US, are to: Delineate key definitions in the healthcare domain (covered in lectures a, b, c and d) Explore components of healthcare delivery and healthcare systems (covered in lecture a) Define public health and review examples of improvements in public health (covered in lecture b) Discuss core values and paradigm shifts in US healthcare (covered in lecture c), and Describe in overview terms, the technology used in the delivery and administration of healthcare (covered in lecture d) * Core Values in US Healthcare * Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3.0/Spring 2012 Introduction to Healthcare and Public Health in the US Introduction and History of Modern Healthcare in the US Lecture c Patient centricity and individual choice Interdisciplinary care Technology and innovation drive healthcare Cost of healthcare Options for financing healthcare Taxation or general revenue Social health insurance Voluntary or private health insurance Out-of-pocket payments Internal donations Healthcare expenditure $253 billion in 1980 $714 billion in 1990 $2.3 trillion in 2008 (16.2% of GDP, $7681 per resident) Need for cost containment! Introduction to Healthcare and Public Health in the US Introduction and History of Modern Healthcare in the US Lecture c This lecture will introduce the core values of US Healthcare, then discuss several major paradigm shifts in medicine, with an emphasis on patient-centric care, personal health records, team-based care, and the impact of technology on healthcare delivery. Let us consider some of the core values of healthcare in the United States today.   A central tenet of the practice of healthcare and healthcare delivery in the US at this time is the concept of patient centricity. Patients are at the center of the universe of healthcare delivery and often exercise individual choice when it comes to management of their illnesses.   The concept of interdisciplinary care has also gained attraction especially as diseases become more complex and management options correspondingly increase in complexity. Technology and innovation drive healthcare, but technology can also drive healthcare spending.   When we look at the cost of healthcare, there are five general options for financing healthcare. The first is taxation or general revenue. The second is to have a system or some form of social health insurance that will finance healthcare. The third is to have voluntary or private health insurance. The fourth option is out-of-pocket payments that patients will make in order to take care of their illnesses. And the fifth is internal donations which may come from communities, organizations, or professional societies.   But the fact of the matter is that healthcare expenditure has increased dramatically in the last few decades. In the United States, healthcare expenditure was 253 billion dollars in 1980; increased to 714 billion dollars in 1990 and then increased further to two-point-three trillion dollars in 2008. We’re spending sixteen percent of our GDP(Gross Domestic Product) on healthcare expenditure. That comes to over seventy-five-hundred dollars per resident in the United States. There is definitely a need for cost containment and this has been one of the driving forces, one of the core values, in US healthcare today. * Paradigm Shifts in Medicine: Physician-Centric to Patient-Centric Care The old model: patient care options were determined by the provider -- patients were offered few opportunities to make decisions The new model: cultural shift towards giving patients greater responsibility in their care Shift from paternalism to patient autonomy * Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3.0/Spring 2012 Introduction to Healthcare and Public Health in the US Introduction and History of Modern Healthcare in the US Lecture c Introduction to Healthcare and Public Health in the US Introduction and History of Modern Healthcare in the US Lecture c Let us spend some time discussing some of the key paradigm shifts in medicine. The first of which is the shift from a physician-centric model of care to a patient-centric model of care. Just a few decades ago patient care options were determined by the provider and patients were offered limited or no opportunity to make decisions. In the past few years there has been a cultural shift towards giving patients greater responsibility for their care. There has been a shift from paternalism, or the opinions of the physician, to patient autonomy or the opinion of the patient. * Paradigm Shifts in Medicine: Physician-Centric to Patient-Centric Care (continued) * Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3.0/Spring 2012 Introduction to Healthcare and Public Health in the US