Case details Carly Smith is a 32-year-old computer programmer. Over the last several months, she has had increased episodes of a burning sensation in the mid-epigastrium and back. The pain subsides...

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Case details


Carly Smith is a 32-year-old computer programmer. Over the last several months, she has had increased episodes of a burning sensation in the mid-epigastrium and back. The pain subsides after eating. Based upon her history, her GP orders an endoscopy that reveals several peptic ulcers. The week following her diagnosis Carly was awake all night with the severe burning pain. She calls her GP in the morning, who asks her to present to the ED due to the level of pain. Her partner drives her to their nearest ED for review.




Analyse the case and respond to the below two questions in the essay




1)Correlate the patients’ clinical presentation to the pathophysiology of peptic ulcers?




2)What medical and nursing interventions should the patient receive and why? Support your management ideas with best practice evidence.



Answered 8 days AfterSep 25, 2021

Answer To: Case details Carly Smith is a 32-year-old computer programmer. Over the last several months, she has...

Anurag answered on Oct 03 2021
123 Votes
Case Study of Carly Smith        4
CASE STUDY OF CARLY SMITH
Table of Contents
Introduction    3
Definition of the Medical Diagnosis, Etiology and Pathophysiology    3
Common Symptoms and Signs    4
Complications That Might Occur    5
Information about the Patient    5
Studies In the Lab and Diagnostics    6
Interventions for Every Priority Nursing Diagnosis    7
Scientific Rationales for the Interve
ntions    8
Typical Medication List    9
Conclusion    9
References    10
Introduction
Carly Smith is a computer programmer who is 32 years old. She had experienced more instances of a burning feeling in the mid-epigastrium and back in the previous several months. After eating, the discomfort goes away. Her GP recommended an endoscopy based on her medical history, which revealed numerous peptic ulcers. Carly was awake all night the week after her diagnosis, suffering from terrible searing agony. She phoned her doctor in the morning, who advised her to go to the emergency room owing to the severity of her discomfort. Her partner drove her to the nearest hospital for a check-up. In this case study, Carly Smith’s clinical presentation to the pathophysiology of peptic ulcers will be correlated. Also, there will be discussed upon what medical and nursing interventions should she receive.
Definition of the Medical Diagnosis, Etiology, and Pathophysiology
A peptic ulcer is an excoriated segment of the gastrointestinal mucosa that develops in the stomach or the first segment of the duodenum and enters the muscularis mucosae. Histologically, it is described as a loss of the surface epithelium that extends deep into the muscularis mucosae. It is characterized clinically as loss of the surface mucosa that is evident endoscopically or radiologically and has a depth and diameter larger than 5 mm. It is termed an erosion if it is less than 5 mm in diameter and does not reach the muscularis mucosae. In contrast to ulcers, erosions affect the superficial capillaries, resulting in little bleeding that is seldom clinically significant. Ulcers, on the other hand, penetrate deeper, affecting bigger blood vessels and resulting in considerable bleeding (Richens, Lee & Johri, 2020). The bleeding from peptic ulcers is typically severe enough to cause anaemia, and the ulcers can progress to the point of perforation or scarring. The underlying predisposition to form ulcers in mucosal regions exposed to peptic digestive fluids is referred to as peptic ulcer disease.
The duodenum and stomach are the most frequently affected areas; however, ulcers can also develop in the oesophagus, small intestines, and gastroenteric anastomoses. The most frequent causes of peptic ulcers are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and helicobacter pylori infection (H. pylori). These two elements are linked to the breakdown of the mucosa's defences, leaving it vulnerable to acidic juice damage. H. pylori are considered to weaken the defences by generating urease, a catalytic enzyme that converts urea to ammonia, allowing the bacterium to live (Furman et al., 2019). This enables peptic juice damage to be coupled with cytotoxic damage induced by the bacteria. NSAIDs impair the defences by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis, which causes changes in the stomach milieu, causing the mucosal barriers to break down. When the inciting factors overcome the body's defences, peptic ulcers form.
    Duodenal ulcers and stomach ulcers are the two most frequent kinds of peptic ulcers. Duodenal ulcers usually appear earlier in life, and the majority of them involve the initial part of the duodenum. The infection of H. pylori, which is implicated in the etiology of more than 90% of cases, is strongly linked to the pathophysiology of duodenal ulcers (Schett et al., 2017). On the other hand, stomach ulcers commonly appear in the sixth decade, and a substantial percentage of them are...
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