(Chinadu) please follow all instruction's on slides like structure of assignment, sources like•Explore the role of Power, Politics and Conflict in relation to what happens in real...

MN5009: LEADERSHIP AND LEADING
Table of Contents
1. Introduction    3
2. Power- A Machiavellian Perspective    3
2.1) What is Power?    3
2.2) How is Power Used in Organisations?    3
2.3) Power at Apple    5
3. Politics    5
3.1) What is Organisational Politics?    5
3.2) The Reality of Politics in Organisations    5
3.3) Political Behaviour    6
4. Conflict    6
4.1) What is Conflict?    6
4.2) The Nature of Conflict in Organisations    7
4.3) Conflict Management Strategies    7
5. Conclusion    8
6. Reflective Statement    8
References    10
1. Introduction
Power, Politics and Conflict play a very important role in the organisation. The understanding of the concepts and the way, they occur in the organisation gives us insight into the organisational culture. The aim of this paper is to understand the way; they play a role in the organisation. It is also an aim of the report to shed light on the impact these concepts have on both a macroscopic level and microscopic level. The objectives of this paper are also—
· To understand power’s impact on employees and organisation
· To understand the role conflict plays in an organisation and among employees
· To deeply dive into the politics between the employees and within the organisation
The concepts of power, politics and power will be understood from the perspective of Machiavelli. Niccolo Machiavelli was a 15th century Italian Renaissance political theorist who wrote The Prince (Saleem, 2017). He came up with the concept of art of governance. Machiavelli believed that since we interact with a non-perfect world that it is impossible that we have to aspire to be perspective. This view of the “ends justify the means” was not received well by the public at the time and was banned for the next 200 years.
2. Power- A Machiavellian Perspective
2.1) What is Power?
Power is defined as the ability to affect the behaviour of individuals with the control of resources. In many cases, it can be a relationship of mutual exchange between an agent and a target, between whom transactions occur. The agent in this exchange is the person, who uses the power and the target on the hand is the receipt of the effect of power.
According to Machiavelli, power of a person comes at a price of not being an inherently good human being (Cai et al. 2020). He needs to learn how to control people and make sure they respect him. Machiavelli said the ends justify the means. Therefore, how people reached the conclusion of fear was not important. However, the idea that they respected and acknowledged the power of the Prince is much more important.
2.2) How is Power Used in Organisations?
Power of the Prince is important and he should take every precaution in order to ensure that power does not diminish (Ahmed, 2019). His bad qualities should be understood from the perspective of how it will affect his position of power and the vices that have no impact on his power can be retained. In conclusion, his perspective was to understand how one could do anything to secure the power they have.
French and Raven were two social psychologists, who came up with the six bases of power. These bases help to clarify how one is drawn to expect the power and why people respond to the people in power (De Clercq and Belausteguigoitia, 2017).
The six bases are as follows, which are—
· Legitimate
· Reward
· Expert
· Referent
· Coercive
· Informational
    Legitimate Power
    Legitimate Power is the power, which comes from the belief that the person has a right to make the demands and have expectations on how the others should work. When politicians are elected as prime minister or president, the respect they get is completely changed. As the public accepts them as the leader and considers them, as powerful. This power is usually unpredictable and unstable (Jain and Ansari, 2018). As the minute the person’s title is gone, the power vanishes as well. The power is also conditional as it is only acknowledged in situations where the public believes that the individual's position matters.
    Reward Power
    Rewards are the power that results from one person's ability to compensate another for compliance. This power from being able to hand out rewards to subordinates such as promotions compliments and raises (Tang, 2019). The person is more likely ready to do what you want if they understand that some reward is in play. This power base is not as strong as when the chance of rewards being given is reduced. The power is completely based on how likely it is to receive a reward.
    Expert Power
    Expert power is based on the person’s skills or knowledge in a particular area. An individual who has the knowledge and skills to be able to grasp a situation, have solid judgement and outperform the remaining members can be viewed as an expert. People are likely to listen and trust an individual who they know is an expert in their field (Malik et al. 2019).
    Referent Power
    Referent power is based on the result of a person’s perceived attractiveness and worthiness. This power comes from how well people like someone. This can be seen in the case of celebrities who have huge influences as they are well liked. This power does have huge responsibility as it can be abused very easily. This power may not be for leaders who plan to hold power for an extended span of times (Labrague et al. 2017).
    Coercive Power
    Coercive power is from the fear of being punished for not following the person. This can be seen with dictators who can control masses due to them killing or punishing anyone who dares not to agree with them.
    Informational Power
    The last base was added about 6 years after the theory was published. Informational power is the last base of power. The person has power by controlling information that the person needs in order to succeed in something or accomplish a given task.
2.3) Power at Apple
To conclude it can be said that the Apple used the power theory. Steve Jobs, the then CEO and founder of the company, exercised power to introduce various devices, which were not supported in the organisation. The devices did well, in the economical section. The company had used its power to include many other processes. The launch of the smartphone was a revolution in the security system of the industry. The expert power was used in the case by the CEO to launch products that he deemed sustainable in the process
3. Politics
3.1)...