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Poornima Diwakaran c3253670
1. Aseptic Non-Touch Technique (ANTT) is foundational element of nursing practice. Locate a journal article published in the last 5 years that explores ANTT, outline a major finding of this article, and discuss how this knowledge would be integrated into your future practice
An Article named “Implementing the Aseptic Non-Touch Technique (ANTT) clinical practice framework for aseptic technique: a pragmatic evaluation using a mixed method approach in two London hospitals” outlines the practice of standardizing system for hostile IV processes, applying the “ANTT-Clinical Practice Framework” (Clare & Rowley, 2018). Results of this investigation shows that staff efficiency in Key-part cleaning, hand hygiene, aseptic field management and others have improved.
Knowledge from this article and its proven result of developing clinical hygiene will help in increasing personal hygiene factors while involved in clinical practices. Implementation of aseptic non-touch technologies methodologically will help in developing an effective hygiene routine for patients and hospital staff as well as help in reducing chances of infection during several clinical practices. Understanding drawn from this article will help increase compliance with the prerequisite methods for safe and efficient aseptic techniques.
In a nutshell, in the future with implementation of these aseptic technologies, a safe and careful clinical environment could be developed effectively where patient safety as well as staff safety could be restored. This article will be helpful in the initial training process as maintaining basic hygiene is become mandatory for nurses and doctors in all the hospitals. If the basic hygiene routine is ignored, it can affect both the health conditions of the patients and care givers through various contaminated diseases.
2. What four (4) indications require a surgical scrub
· Decontamination of hands before establishing direct contact with patients
· Cleansing hands before donning sterile gloves during inserting a central intravascular catheter.
· Cleansing hands after removing gloves
· Sanitising of hands if moving from an infectious-body site to a clean-body cite at the time of patient care (Spruce, 2014).
3. What is the difference between open gloving and closed gloving?
With open gloving the scrub person’s hands slide all the way through the sleeves beyond the restraints. However in closed gloving the hands stay inside the sleeves and must not touch the cuffs. When a glove should be changed without support during medical process, the open glove method is used (Williams et al., 2015).
4. What are the basic steps to take if you come across an infant or child in a suspected arrest situation?
· Inspection for responsiveness
· Checking the pulse location
· Next step is checking the deepness of compressions
· The compression delivery method should then be followed.
· In this process, the two-finger technique should be used (nationalcprassociation.com, 2019).
· After that two-thumb encompassing hand method should be used.
5. Describe the hand placements for an infant, young child, or adult.  and/or child greater than one year or for child greater that one year’s old in cardiac arrest
· Checking for receptiveness
· Checking pulse rates of the child or infant
· Performing compressions on the child or infant
· Offering ventilations
· Using the manual defibrillator on child or infants if necessary (nationalcprfoundation.com, 2019).
6. List the four techniques used to conduct physical assessments of patients
· Inspection
· Percussion
· Palpation
· Auscultation.
7. When conducting an initial assessment of an injured person in a hospital environment we use a structured ABCDE approach. What are five (5) key things you are looking, listening, or feeling for in each of those assessments
The ABCDE approach is an abbreviation for “Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability and Exposure” examination method for a patient:
· Airway obstacle causes risks of kidney, brain damage or even cardiac arrest. In most of the cases, simple methods of airway clearance are needed. On the other hand, offering high concentration oxygen by masks is a great way to treat a patient with airway problems (Kram, DiBartolo, Hinderer & Jones, 2015).
· At the time of immediate examination of breathing, it is necessary to diagnose and care for life-threatening conditions. Careful examination of the respiratory distress of the patient is required. Counting respiratory rates, depth of each breath examination, noting chest deformity are the initial requirements for this process.
· In almost every medical emergency, “consider hypovolaemia” is to be one of the prime causes of shock, till proven otherwise. if there are clear signs of a cardiac arrest, provide intravenous fluid to any patient with a fast heart rating (Kram, DiBartolo, Hinderer & Jones, 2015).
· Common reasons of unconsciousness involve profound hypoxia, cerebral hypoperfusion, hypercapnia or the current administration of sedatives medicines. In this stage, examination of patients’ medicine chart for reversible medicine-induced. After that making a quick initial examination of patient’s consciousness level is necessary. After that, measurement of blood glucose level is important to exclude “hypoglycaemia”.
· The last step in this approach involves examination of the patient rightfully through full exposure of the body. Respecting the patient’s dignity and minimizing heat loss are necessary. In order to review a patient properly, full exposure of body might be important. Offering respect to the patient’s and lessen heat loss are accounted for obligatory rules for the care givers.
8. What are the five P’s of a neurovascular assessment?
The five P’s are “Pain, pallor, pulse, paraesthesia and paralysis”.
9. What are the four (4) components of a rapid neurological assessment?
· Evaluating mental status
· Checking cranial nerves
· Examining muscle strengths against resistance of the patient
· Coordination.
10. What are the components of the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)?
Eyes opening with motor response and vocal response examination. Each unit has scales to assess patient responses. (Teasdale et al., 2014).
11. Describe the steps for Log rolling a patient
The steps are listed below;
· Determining spinal injury
· Beginning CPR if patient is not breathing
· Use first aid if patient bleeding
· Identifying bystanders for log roll
· Positioned over the patient
· Getting spinal board
· Coordinating log roll (Tveit et al., 2016)
12. Briefly define the following terms
i. Concussion: This is an injury to the brain, which results in temporary loss of normal brain functions (Giza & Hovda, 2014).
ii. Cerebral Contusion: It is a form of traumatic brain injury or damage where bruising of the brain tissues...