CRITICAL INCIDENT JOURNALTopic: Anonymity as an ethical issue(Pros and cons)1. The incident is a real-live very descriptive relating you did something anonymously and gave voice to voiceless
2. The relevant topic is explained from the notes or what was discussed in class- Anonymity in relation to personal identity
3. Research with proper quotations is included on personal identity
4. The reflection brings all the above together to make a reasoned conclusion
5. The reference of the works quoted is included.
I hope this helps.
This is Your Presentation Title 07 ethics of data anonymity What is anonymity? Definition of anonymous 1 : of unknown authorship or origin An anonymous tip 2 : not named or identified an anonymous author They wish to remain anonymous. 3 : lacking individuality, distinction, or recognizability The anonymous faces in the crowd Definition of anonymous Anonymous “without name” an- "without" + onyma, of onoma ="name" old Greek Situations where the acting person's identity is: unknown non-identifiable unreachable untraceable non-identifiable e.g. Pseudonyms pen names nicknames student numbers credit card numbers bank account numbers Huduma Number? IS ANONYMITY GOOD OR IS IT BAD? LET’S SEE WHAT RESEARCH HAS TO SAY Place your screenshot here 10 Desktop project Personal, family, company privacy Anonymous charity, assistance Whistle blowing Vote in free elections Is anonymity good? free speech; increase disclosure including self-disclosure equal contribution to discourse Anonymity in Behavioural Research https://co re.ac.uk/reader/61693790 Promotes https://core.ac.uk/reader/61693790 Reduces helping behaviour Anonymity in Behavioural Research https://co re.ac.uk/reader/61693790 Increases aggression Increases socially undesirable behaviour Reduces the feeling of personal responsibility Is anonymity bad? https://core.ac.uk/reader/61693790 Crime, robbery, vandalism, treason, Terrorism, recruitment, propaganda, training Dark web by criminals and malicious users Scammers, stalkers, and malicious online vendors Pornography, Paedophilia Is anonymity bad? In 1969 Philip Zimbardo of Stanford University dressed female students in lab coats, some plain with identity-concealing hoods, and some with name tags and no hoods. He told the students to give an electric shock to a confederate. The hooded participants were twice as likely to comply. https://www.psychologicalscience.org/observer/who-is-that-the-study-of-anonymity-and-behavior https://www.psychologicalscience.org/observer/who-is-that-the-study-of-anonymity-and-behavior Psychological scientist Patricia Ellison-Potter of the US National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, for example, has demonstrated in driving simulation experiments that people are more likely to drive aggressively when they are less visible (e.g., when driving in a car with tinted windows) than when they can be seen by other drivers (e.g., driving an open-top convertible). https://www.psychologicalscience.org/observer/who-is-that-the-study-of-anonymity-and-behavior https://www.psychologicalscience.org/observer/who-is-that-the-study-of-anonymity-and-behavior In a 2011 Perspectives on Psychological Science article, Jacob Hirsch, APS Fellow Adam Galinsky, and Chen-Bo Zhong write that people in anonymous settings tend to act on their natural disposition. Everyone can feel a sense of anonymity in a crowd, they say, but research suggests the aggressive individuals are the ones most likely to escalate violence https://www.psychologicalscience.org/observer/who-is-that-the-study-of-anonymity-and-behavior https://www.psychologicalscience.org/observer/who-is-that-the-study-of-anonymity-and-behavior ANONYMITY IN DIGITAL LIFE Place your screenshot here 18 HOW LACK OF ANONYMITY AFFECTS US Place your screenshot here Night, darkness Masks, balaclavas, hoods Gloves, glue Different persona Forging documents Facial surgery Suggestion boxes How to be anonymous in the physical world? How to be anonymous in the digital world? False identities Not traceable programs, TOR, Mozilla, I2P Friend to friend Encryption VPS Going manual, cash, private conversations Avoiding Google, Mobile Phones, Internet, Microsoft, Apple, Amazon The Android without Google operating system is called /e/OS "We have removed many pieces of code that send your personal data to remote servers without your consent. We don’t scan your data in your phone or in your cloud space, and we don’t track your location hundred times a day or collect what you’re doing with your apps." WHY DO WE WANT ANONYMITY Place your screenshot here 26 Not to be responsible = no accountability WHY DO YOU WANT TO BE ANONYMOUS? Discussing very private matters Social Not to be in danger Physical Financial Legal Political Discrimination Crime witness Losing the job Accused of misdeed Not access to posts IS THERE A RIGHT TO ANONYMITY? Place your screenshot here 28 1995 Supreme Court ruling in McIntyre v. Ohio Elections Commission reads."(...) protections for anonymous speech are vital to democratic discourse. Allowing dissenters to shield their identities frees them to express critical minority views . . . Anonymity is a shield from the tyranny of the majority. . . . It thus exemplifies the purpose behind the Bill of Rights and of the First Amendment in particular: to protect unpopular individuals from retaliation . . . at the hand of an intolerant society." The European Union Charter of Fundamental Rights recognizes in Article. 8 (Title II: “Freedoms”) The right of everyone to protection of personal data concerning him. The right to privacy is now essentially the individual's right to have and to maintain control over information about him. GDPR General Data Protection Regulation “…information which does not relate to an identified or identifiable natural person or to personal data rendered anonymous in such a manner that the data subject is not or no longer identifiable.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation WHAT IS THE REAL SUPPORT FOR THE RIGHTS Place your screenshot here 34 What is the ethical support for the rights? Intimacy, support for privacy Freedom, support for no manipulation Self-identity, support for anonymity Personal love, support for social activism THE WAY TO SELF IDENTITY Place your screenshot here 38 Delphis temple Greece NOTHING IN EXCESS SURETY BRINGS RUIN The twenty question who I am? Types of self myself social self self-concept self-reflecting self recognition I'm a stepfather self present self-identity self schemas are are little mini self-concepts self represented self based processing self reference memory SPIRIT REASON SENSES 1. Example of low self-steem, dependent personality 2. The need to love oneself 3. How love of self is forged 4. Seeing oneself in the light of God 5. Humility is truth WHAT IS THE METHOD TO KNOW WHO AM I? Our Identity is formed by all levels of knowledge combined at the Personal Level, which constitute our most intimate being THE CONSTITUTIVE ELEMENTS OF SELF IDENTITY Place your screenshot here 49 Body image "I remember the weather, the lights, all the people and how they laughed at me" BODY SHAME "At 13, I had a boyfriend. He always made fun of my arms." When I was 11 years old, I could always do more pull-ups than the boys. If I had a superpower, it was Upper Body Strength. At 13, I had a boyfriend. He always made fun of my arms. For the first time I felt embarrassed about being strong. He shamed my power. I still don't know if I've forgiven him for that. -- Emma 28 Women Recall the First Moment They Felt Self-Conscious About Their Bodies HUMAN LEVEL IDENTITY Place your screenshot here 58 Abstract General Universal Atemporal woman Abstraction from sensitive to intellectual knowledge ACTIVE INTELLIGENCE = PERSONAL KNOWLEDGE = LIGTH THAT MAKES US KNOW DISRUPTORS & CONSTRUCTORS OF IDENTITY Self knowledge disruptors Self knowledge reactors HOW TO BUILD ONE’S IDENTITY “Somebody once said that in looking for people to hire , you look for three qualities: integrity, intelligence, and energy. And if you don’t have the first, the other two will kill you.” Warren Buffett 1930 - Bob Collymore 2013 Strathmore Ethics Conference HAIL Emotional Intelligence Moral Intelligence Logical Intelligence EQ MQ IQ HOLISTIC DEVELOPMENT What makes a person a better human person Not just a better body What makes a person a better human person Not just more intelligent or will power But primarily a good person SELF EVALUATION EQ MQ IQ mental age x 100 age intelligence quotientIQ SELF CONTROL OTHERS’ INFLUENCE SELF AWARENES S OTHERS’ AWARENES S MYSELF OTHER S Emotional intelligence Emotional QuotientEQ AWARENESS CONTROL Moral QuotientMQ DISORTED LIFEMQ SeekingDonating NoveltyIntimacy CO EXIS TENCE Personal FREE DOM Personal KNOW LEDGE Personal LOVE Big concept ALIGNMENT WITH YOUR PURPOSE IN LIFE YOUR FINAL CALLING YOUR VOCATION 87 Sickness of freedom at Personal Level Rejecting My origin My mission My co-existents-with