Critical Research Essay Choose one of the following two essay options: Essay Option A Technological change and globalization have been associated with a trend towards convergence of ER and HRM...

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Critical Research Essay Choose one of the following two essay options: Essay Option A Technological change and globalization have been associated with a trend towards convergence of ER and HRM practices across nations, which may be expected to challenge and possibly erode national differences in employee voice systems. On the other hand Coordinated Market Economies (CMEs) and Liberal Market Economies (LMEs) have been shown to differ in their provision of institutional support for employee voice which may be expected to sustain differences in approach and possibly increase divergence. Compare and contrast contemporary policies and practices relating to employee voice within two advanced economies, one a LME and the other a CME and discuss the extent to which they appear to be converging, diverging or remaining broadly the same, noting any significant sectoral differences in the observed trends e.g. between manufacturing, services, high and low tech industry. Provide evidence from academic, government and other impartial and reliable third party sources to support your assessment. Essay Option B MNEs have been accused of taking advantage of low wages, poor labour standards and lax enforcement of existing standards in developing and emerging economies and in some cases of violating the human rights of workers. On the other hand MNES have been known to offer higher rates of pay than domestic firms, particularly in developing economies. Analyse contemporary ER and HRM practices of MNES in one developing economy of your choice and discuss how and the extent to which they appear to have benefited or adversely affected their local employees. Note any significant differences in the policies and practices of major MNES operating in the same industry sectors. Provide evidence from academic, government and other impartial and reliable third party sources to support your assessment.