Early computer systems relied on command line interfaces to perform all actions. Today, the majority of systems use direct manipulation rather than a command line interface. The goal of designing a...

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Early computer systems relied on command line interfaces to perform all actions. Today, the majority of systems use direct manipulation rather than a command line interface. The goal of designing a direct manipulation interface is to make use of the system intuitive to the end user. One industry that has been extremely successful designing intuitive direct manipulation inputs is the video game industry. Most game players are able to learn controls as they play a game and then apply the same controls to similar games. Rarely do they need to read a user manual.
Write a four to five (4-5) page paper in which you:

  1. Describe the three (3) principles of direct manipulation and give examples as to how they are used in video game controls.

  2. Analyze video game-type interfaces and discuss three (3) reasons why video game-type interfaces would not be effective for real-world applications.

  3. Describe at least three (3) advantages of direct manipulation versus command line interfaces.

  4. Evaluate direct manipulation and describe three (3) problems with it.

  5. Use at least three (3) quality resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and similar Websites do not qualify as quality resources.

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

  • Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA.

  • Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.

The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

  • Describe direct manipulation and virtual environments.

  • Use technology and information resources to research issues in human-computer interaction.

  • Write clearly and concisely about HCI topics using proper writing mechanics and technical style conventions.

Answered Same DayFeb 25, 2021

Answer To: Early computer systems relied on command line interfaces to perform all actions. Today, the majority...

Deepti answered on Feb 28 2021
143 Votes
Direct manipulation
Direct Manipulation
Direct manipulation interface offers to act directly on the entities in the interface. The interface instruments are visually similar to the entities they represent. It continuously represents the task entities and their actions avoiding the requirement of remembering the syntax (Samyukta Sherugar, 2016). It allows physical actions to manipulate the entities and the operations are performed rapidly thus showing the response on the entities immediately. It further facilitates reverse actions with ease avoiding syntax errors.
The three principles of Direct Manipulation are
1. Display of objects and actions of interest through visual metaphors: This principle works on visibility of system status: visual representations of objects with which a user interacts. As soon as an action is performed, the resultant effects can be seen on the system’s state. Example: A graphical display is the playing field and commands are physical actions. The results of those physical actions are instantly displayed on screen. Score is displayed continuously on screen while playing. No language rules are required. The movement of a character in the physical space can be manipulated with knobs and buttons.
2. Continuous response and Incremental, reversible actions: When the actions and rapid response on those actions are continuously visible, the validation of those actions becomes simple. The user can point out the errors in no time and easily reverse the action. Further, this characteristic of data manipulation makes searching an error in a pool of causes easy, contrary to command line interface where it is mostly a time-consuming process.
Example: A rapid response is established between game controller manipulation and game response (character, spaceship, weapon, other objects) in order to see the continuous progress of the user in the game. If the user moves the object of interest like spaceship to far right, then an instant reverse movement to left may save them the game.
3. Rapid Learning: The fields of the games are abstractions of reality thus making it...
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