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IT4683/IT6683 Management of IT IT6423 IT Systems Acquisition and Integration Exercise 2- IT Systems Acquisition Lifecycle and Business Process Modeling Developed by Richard Halstead-Nussloch Version 01Sep18 Your name: Policies: · Submissions made through a means other than the D2L Assignment Folder will be ignored and earn a 0. · Submissions without your name stated above earn a 0. · Submissions with the original questions and/or formatting removed from the file earn a 0. · Submissions without adequate references or acknowledgements will earn a discounted grade, potentially a 0. · Submissions that I can not open or require a password will earn a 0. · Second chances might be requested at any time through D2L email, and are awarded at the sole discretion of the instructor. Submissions should use and cite at least one reference and explicitly state who is being acknowledged. Put them in the end of this exercise document in the appropriate sections. Section 1 IT Systems Acquisition Lifecycles (SALC) Deliverables: · Three questions answered below. · Entry on discussion for IT Lifecycles · Entry on your Personal BLOG Q1) (20 Points) Review and analyze systems and SALC terms and concepts in relationship to IT. Wikipedia in https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_engineering defines systems engineering as an interdisciplinary field that “focuses on how to design and manage systems over their life cycles.” We will use this as a point of departure for understanding the IT SALC. Please complete the development of a list of the top ten words or concepts the IT professional should know along with their definitions about the IT SALC. Add six terms/concepts to those there already. 1. System- 2. IT System- 3. Systems engineering- an interdisciplinary field that “focuses on how to design and manage systems over their life cycles.” [1] 4. IT SALC- 5. Etc. Q2) (20 Points) In 2 pages compare and contrast between two and four typically used IT system acquisition life cycles (SALCs), e.g., those based on Agile versus Waterfall or DAU versus ISO versus DOAS. Utilize life cycles you have learned in other courses and on the job in addition to the life cycles covered in this course. Embed your comparison and contrast here. (Hint: use a table.) Don't forget to cite your references! Q3) (20 Points) Develop about five Powerpoint slides to include your top 10 from question 1 and your main points of comparison and contrast for question 2 above. Post these slides to the discussion on IT Lifecycles along with some notes to cover in presenting them. Also, upload the PowerPoint file to the A2 folder along with this assignment file. As you think about these matters, try to find connections among the Lifecycles, IT business value, IT sourcing, etc. Also post your slides and any comments to the LM2 Discussion Topic for Slides for SALC terminology and comparing IT SALCs. Don’t forget to cite your references! Section 2 Business Processes and IT Deliverables: · Two questions answered below. · Discussion entries on D2L about business processes and IT. Q4) (20 Points) The module has made the point that, in order for the implementation of in particular larger IT and software applications, such as enterprise systems or customer relationship management systems, an organization often has to adopt the processes embedded in the software. Historically within IT, business processes and their understanding play a major role in the success of IT systems. Do a library search (note, exploring the optional Educause articles at the end of the LM2 Readings Readme qualifies here) and find an article that discusses at least one of the following three main points of the textbook here: · Distinguish between different types of business process · Discuss the relationship between business processes and IT · Discuss change management issues pertinent to business processes Include a one-page summary of this article here including how it addresses at least one of the three points above and post your views to the discussion topic on BPM in IT. Don’t forget to cite your references! Q5) (20 Points) In one paragraph, answer the question: “When deciding questions about whether IT systems acquisition and integration, senior IT professionals must pay attention to the SALC applied and the business processes involved because…” Provide your answer here and also in an entry on your personal Blog for this course. Don’t forget to cite your references! Sources and works used in completing this exercise: 1. Wikipedia article on Systems Engineering (retrieve September 1, 2018) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_engineering (Please add your references. You must list at least one and use the method-ACM, APA or MLA-chosen at the beginning of the term.) Please complete the following: ___ I did not use any method of citation (maximum B on the assignment). ___ I used the ACM approach and have cited my references as I went in the text and also listed them at the end. ___ I used the APA approach and have cited my references as I went in the text and also listed them at the end. ___ I used the MLA approach and have cited my references as I went in the text and also listed them at the end. Acknowledgements of people (and other exercise submissions) used in completing this exercise: (You might at least acknowledge the students with whom you’ve discussed the LM2 topics.) Readings ReadMe for LM2-IT6423 Curated by Rich Halstead-Nussloch 02Sep18 The IT6423 Story So Far… In LM0/A0, we aligned the IT6423 course objectives with Van Grembergen’s [1] three main IT governance principles which loosely stated are: 1) Provide value; 2) Do no harm; 3) Control IT. In LM1/A1, we saw the technology base of IT is continually advancing, which means IT professionals need to be able to discuss and apply: a) how IT is related to business and organizational strategy; b) how IT is critical to the success of most business models today; c) how the critical role of IT in the Value Chain [2] is less understood and recognized than the Value Chain itself; and d) there is a wide and diverse range of options for sourcing IT today with each option having its own advantages, disadvantages, risks, constraints, etc. 1. Van Grembergen, W. The Balanced Scorecard and IT Governance. IT Governance Institute Study Card (retrieved August 5, 2018) http://www.isaca.org/Certification/CGEIT-Certified-in-the-Governance-of- Enterprise-IT/Prepare-for-the-Exam/Study-Materials/Documents/The-Balanced- Scorecard-and-IT-Governance.pdf 2. Wikipedia article on the Value Chain (retrieved August 29, 2018) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value_chain Part 1: Articles on IT Systems Acquisition Life Cycles (SALCs) First, understand that the knowledge foundation and application of (IT) Systems Acquisition is diverse and also continually growing and expanding: Some Terms in a “Word Soup” To understand IT systems acquisition, one generally begins by making and then eating some, what I call, “word soup,” which is a set of terms, concepts, words and phrases that have all been thrown together at KSU in a broth brewed from Southern-American-English stock. Starting with system Wikipedia defines it as “a regularly interacting or interdependent group of units forming an integrated whole” (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System). One would then expect IT system to be something like, as “a regularly interacting or interdependent group of IT units forming an integrated whole system for processing information.” But, no deal; as of today, Wikipedia does not have a page for “information technology system.” Instead it offers the reader a generic page covering IT (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_technology) or a page covering “information system” (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_system). Searching more words for LM2, system development is defined as the Systems Development Life Cycle or SDLC (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_development_life_cycle) and the search for system acquisition or Systems Acquisition Life Cycle (SALC) circles back to SDLC. Looking back to IT sourcing strategies and LM1, historically within IT the SDLC has been used for “make” projects and the SALC has been used for “buy” projects. There are also other conceptual word http://www.isaca.org/Certification/CGEIT-Certified-in-the-Governance-of-Enterprise-IT/Prepare-for-the-Exam/Study-Materials/Documents/The-Balanced-Scorecard-and-IT-Governance.pdf http://www.isaca.org/Certification/CGEIT-Certified-in-the-Governance-of-Enterprise-IT/Prepare-for-the-Exam/Study-Materials/Documents/The-Balanced-Scorecard-and-IT-Governance.pdf http://www.isaca.org/Certification/CGEIT-Certified-in-the-Governance-of-Enterprise-IT/Prepare-for-the-Exam/Study-Materials/Documents/The-Balanced-Scorecard-and-IT-Governance.pdf https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value_chain https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_technology https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_system https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_development_life_cycle nuances (https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-difference-between-software-development-life- cycle-and-system-development-life-cycle) that we can cover in making our word soup here. Please spend 10 to 30 minutes searching the web to get a grasp on this word soup for system, IT system, system development, system acquisition, SDLC, SALC, etc. Systems Engineering is the Foundation for the SALC To move forward, we begin by noting that today’s IT systems are the descendants of more general manufactured systems; the development and acquisition of such systems has been studied in the field of systems engineering (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_engineering) since World War II. Our modern phone and Internet networks, success in the space race, victory in war, etc. would not be possible without “systems thinking” and disciplined systems engineering. Of the organizations that utilize systems engineering to acquire (IT) systems, the U.S. Military is a thought and practice leader. As a matter of fact, they have a university devoted to acquisition- the Defense Acquisition University or DAU (https://www.dau.mil/). The DAU press has made available an online reference book, Systems Engineering Fundamentals, and since it is in the public domain, a pdf copy (from http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a606327.pdf) is contained in D2L LM2. We suggest that you skim through the Table of Contents and then read closely the Preface through Chapter 3 (ending on page 34). Pay close attention to: Figure 1-4 (page 8) and the descriptions of the Primary Life Cycle Functions (pages 7-8) Figure 2-1 (page 12) showing the time flow of the standardized Defense Acquisition Process (A) Concept; B) Development; C) Production; D) Sustain and Dispose). Chapter 2 (pages 11-22) shows the overview and then details each of the Milestones A-D. Supplement 2A (pages 23-24) show an ordinal scale of Technology Readiness. Read through this and reflect on your answer to Question 2 of Exercise A1, where you analyzed IT technologies for Higher Education over the past five years. Could your analysis table benefit from an additional column showing the Readiness of those technologies on this scale? Chapter 3 (pages 31-34) covers an overview of the Systems Engineering Process. By focusing on Figure 3-1 (page 31), one obtains a process-flow-perspective SALC with Inputs; (Four Major) Categories of Sub-Processes (Requirements Analysis, Function Analysis and Allocation, Synthesis, and Systems Analysis and Control for Balance); and Outputs. Finally, step back and read Supplement 2B (pages 25-28) on Evolutionary Acquisition. Reflect back on Moore’s Law from LM1 as this supplement helps us understand how to deal with rapid advancements in technology for our IT systems. Details on Getting from Point A to Point C Historically in IT