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POWER AND POLITICS IN ORGANISATIONS: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF WOMEN ON POWER AND POLITICS IN MAURITIUS TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 Introduction4 1.1 Scales of Power &Politics4 1.2 Forms of Power & Politics5 1.3 Objectives of the Study6 1.4 Scope of the Study6 2.0 Literature Review6 3.0 Problem Identification13 3.1 What are the problems of power & politics in Mauritian Organization?13 3.2 How power & politics negatively affect an organization?14 3.3 How power & politics negatively affect society?14 3.4 How power & politics negatively affect the economy?14 4.0 Research Methodology15 4.1 Research Plan Process15 4.2 Research Plan Objectives15 4.3 Research Methods15 4.3.1 Use of Questionnaire15 4.3.2 Advantages of Using Questionnaires16 4.4 Target Population16 4.5 Limitations of the Study16 4.6 Sample Size16 5.0 Findings and Analysis17 6.0 Conclusion & Recommendations25 6.1 Conclusion25 6.1.1 Limitation26 6.2 Recommendations26 6.2.1 Proposed Solution28 References30 Appendix: Survey Questionnaire32 1.0 Introduction When organizational governance is defined, it has multiple dimensions which affect the overall course of accomplishing successful administration. The role of power and politics in this context is simply inevitable; the political governance of any nation is interlinked with how the growth of the economic sector of the nation takes place. In other words, there are direct points of intervention that ensure politics has a great role to play in the context of organizational governance as well as its growth. In Mauritius, the evolution of economy is a positive factor; the national politics is shaped by the new ideologies which adhere to the principles of global democratic norms. The effects of the new norms of ruling are seen in the steady organizational growth in recent decades. However, the active participation of women and minority both in the context of organizational governance is subject of investigation; in spite of having majority in nation, there is lack of active women participation in politics and in organizational governance. 1.1 Scales of Power &Politics The role of political systems, government, and power in organizational culture are major influences in the current sense of social evolutions around the world. The dynamics of power and politics change in a moving world, particularly when the majority of nations have adopted a democratic system. Since policymaking for the alleviation of business norms is implemented in an integrated manner, there is an implicit relationship between economic development and political governance of the country. In other words, every nation's political values have an effect on the overall course of events in the organizational environment, which are the real business world and the foundation of the nation's global success. Political leniency, the implementation of liberal principles in expanding markets, or taking decisions that are closely associated with the nation's economic development play crucial roles in a time when global expansion and the design of multinational business structures have become prominent drivers of growth. Simultaneously, in any business context, the support received from the local or national government is critical in establishing confidence among community members and in maintaining business norms for a longer span of time. In light of the above, Mauritius is a nation that follows the British model of political governance. The nation's legislative, political, and judicial bodies are separated, giving it the genuine British model of governance that is often seen in Asian countries. This separation of power, on the other hand, allows for a mechanism of strict democratic rule. 1.2 Forms of Power & Politics There can be, at the same time, as many forms of power and politics as possible in the democratic setup; interlinks of this power dynamism can be traced in the modern principles of economic growth. In fact, the forms of power exist in various leadership styles, which are most likely to occur in the organizational governance. If government is also seen as an organization, transformation, distributive and servant leadership styles are applicable to determine what form of political governance is suitable for a particular national economy. Therefore, this is affecting the course of business operations by setting up new policies or taking decisions, which are important for the wellbeing of the various local and international organizations operating in nation. The concept of parliamentary democracy is followed in nation, which is based on Westminster Model of UK; Section 1 of Mauritius constitution states that the country will be free and individually operational in its political strength and it will be founded over the conventional democratic principles. Additionally, the fair concept of democratic principles of ruling has turned out to be positive influence in shaping the course of power and politics in this African nation. Mauritius is one of the nations in Africa where nominal conflicts stand on political grounds and, therefore, they give way to the new dimensions of economic stability of organizations. This is more like giving equal space and importance both to the economic stability of nation and it largely depends over the concept how smoothly the business operations take place here. The national government is committed to provide space and liberty to the local and international organizations to operate in their business sector. The liberal state of business policies and a formal creation of the environment of business is also an additional factor that boosts the morale of various national and international organizations to design and process their goods and services within the national premises. It gives Mauritius, recognition of a highly stable nation in terms of sustaining its power centers and political pressure groups, which do not affect the course of economy. In other African nations, if the position of power and politics is compared to Mauritius, there are considerable resurgences of conflicts at political level, posing threats to the smooth course of economic growth. 1.3 Objectives of the Study Coming to the objectives of the present study, it will examine the shaping or organizational culture and corporate governance from the perspective of power and politics in Mauritian organizations. Through adopting the qualitative research and analysis, the study will tend to establish that links between the roles that power dynamism plays in shaping the organization governance in Mauritius. 1.4 Scope of the Study The scope of these dimensions would aid the course of perceiving the present standing of Mauritian organizations in the global context of business. The study will strengthen the assumptions, which are held responsible for both the positive as well as negative kinds of influences, which the power and political governance duo has given to the national and state organizations. 2.0 Literature Review With a view to examine the various dimensions of power and politics and their role in the organizational culture in Mauritius, some key research questions were focused mainly. This study prioritized the focus on how gender-based participation of women in power and politics shapes the organizational governance negatively due to the lack of reduced opportunities for women to advocate for their rights about business space. In spite of holding more than half of the majority in nation, it appears that the active engagement of females in shaping the power and dynamism of the nation is below average. Similarly, because of having one community-based influence over the political spheres, there is not much active participation of the minority communities in the mainstream business opportunities. These are two major dimensions along with how the role of power and politics has structured new ways and possibilities, as per the encouragement of the national government to the individual and State-Owned Enterprise (SOEs) operating in nation. A rapid shift in the interest of common people is also seen in the recent elections of Mauritius; the voters have favored the parties and leaders who have promised to work on improving the national economy. At the same time, the decision-making process, policymaking, structural changes in the economic principles of nation, role of democracy in setting up future opportunities for organizations were some of the key investigating points of the following literature review: Rambaree et al. (2020) believed that while Mauritius has excelled in most democratic indicators; progress on gender equality in politics has been slow. In 1983 and 1987, women made up 5.7 percent of the Mauritian parliament, 17 percent in 2005, and 11.6 percent in 2014. In the most recent elections, the figure reached 20%. The constitution of Mauritius guarantees that all people are treated equally and that women have the same legal rights as men. However, cultural and social barriers continue to limit women's ability to exercise their rights completely. The political parties and electoral structure in the country are not gender-sensitive. In politics, there is very little space for women. Since women account for slightly more than half of the country's population, it is symbolic to have equal representation of women in parliament. Furthermore, women constitute a distinct political category with special concerns. Women parliamentarians will also act as role models for other women who want to get involved in politics. Women's lives have changed dramatically in the last 50 years. Girls and boys have equal access to free education from primary school to university, and girls have higher pass rates. Kasenally and Ramtohul (2020) perceived the political structure of Mauritius and focus on the parliamentary costs that the national politics have gone through over the decades. In fact, the nation is first one to opt for the past the post model of political governance in which, there are three major parties involved. The Alliance Morisien (coalition includes MSM, ML & MPM) currently rules the nation and it has taken some of the promising decisions to setup the course of smooth business operations. During the interviews conducted, the participants in the study actually responded quite positively towards the ongoing political procedures and policy review programs. In organizational context, one can see the large impacts of the political governance in the sense that the collaboration of three parties altogether makes the politics of Mauritius stabilized. It assists in developing healthy course of reviews and monitoring process of organizations that are currently working in the national premises. Croucher et al. (2020) reckoned the importance of soft law adopted in the organizational culture of Mauritius and found it laced with opportunities of growth, if the power and politics are kept in the center of this economic evolution of country. In fact, legal applications of the business operations have many dimensions; the business operations are governed either by soft laws or by the strict laws. The soft laws permit a range of wide varieties of business operations in which, leverage is given on behalf of the review committees structured on behalf of the government. These committees take up the work of monitoring by the power granted to them on behalf of the government itself. When applied to the gender-based participation, the same soft laws go through the conventional norms of society and serve as the potential barriers in their way to become active members of political governance or the corporate culture of the organizations. Roghubur (2018) here perceived the importance of corporate governance and found it as an integral part of the