In many countries, government and corporate programs provide vocational training and up-skilling for people who need help in penetrating the job market. Similarly, those who are laid off and find...

In many countries, government and corporate programs provide vocational training and up-skilling for people who need help in penetrating the job market. Similarly, those who are laid off and find themselves “between” jobs may undertake professional retraining so as to pursue another career, as they may find the skills they have developed at their former place of work have become obsolete.