Lab: Estimating Avogadro's Number This laboratory has you using two different methods to determine Avogadro’s Number. View the Estimating Avogadro's Number power point attached below and then view the...

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Lab: Estimating Avogadro's Number
This laboratory has you using two different methods to determine Avogadro’s Number.
View the Estimating Avogadro's Number power point attached below and then view the video below that clarifies some of the procedures.This will provide you with the necessary foundation for successfully completing the lab.


Hints Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aj5I1xizvVA


The following video is additionally supplied in case you have issues with the electronic balance:Use of the Electronic Balance Video:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NmT5ZzIaJQI

Note:While you work on the lab,you are required to take certain images/photos of your labto document that you actually completed the lab yourself. Each photo should include anote card or a piece of paper with your name, the date you completed the experiment and your course section numberclearly visible.

Note Card Information:


My Name: Zack Aldawoody


Section Number:145454






Download the item:Estimating Avogadro's Number Lab Report attached below. This is what you will submit for grading. You can type your results and insert your images into this document. To be successful, you should open the file, save it to your computer with[your last name] Estimating Avogadros Number Lab.





Introduction to Graphing Estimating Avogadros Number Lab CHEMISTRY 111 Overview •Practice calculations using volume, mass, moles and molecules to determine density, concentration, molecular mass and Avogadro’s number. •Determine Avogadro’s number using molecular monolayer techniques. •Calculate the number of stearic acid molecules in a monolayer. •Calculate the moles of stearic acid in a monolayer. •Determine Avogadro’s number from a piece of aluminum. Materials Needed •Printed materials and needed from the kit: • Printed Investigation Manual • Printed Lab Report • Safety goggles • Electronic balance • Ruler • Plastic pipets • Weighing boat • Stearic Acid in a hexane solution • Thread • Syringe, 1 mL Materials Needed Needed but not supplied with the kit: • 500-1000 mL of distilled (or filtered) water • Medium sized glass dish, bowl or plate • Aluminum foil • Scissors • Toothpicks or pins • Towel or paper towel Review: Molar Mass (mass in grams of 1 mole) The mass (in grams) of one mole of each of the following materials: ◦ Cr 1 mole = 52.00 grams ◦ Br2 1 mole = 159.80 grams ◦ C3H8 1 mole = 44.11 grams How were the above values determined? Review: Gram to Mole Calculations How many moles of ethylene gas, C2H4, are in 15.0 g? 15.0 g C2H4 28.06 g C2H4 1 mol C2H4 × = 0.535 mol C2H4 Prior to the Lab/Safety •Carefully review the entire Investigation Manual, including the Overview and Objectives, Background information, necessary materials, safety precautions, lab preparation and procedures for all activities, and the waste disposal and clean-up information. •Make sure your work area is clean and out of the reach of pets and children. •Put your safety goggles on, and be sure to leave them on for the entire experimental procedure. Special Safety Precautions •The stearic acid in hexane solution is very flammable. Keep away from all flames and heat sources such as lit cigarettes or appliances with pilot lights like gas ovens. •Use the hexane solution in a well ventilated area. •Cap the bottle of hexane solution when not in use. •Be careful of sharp edges on aluminum foil. Do not ingest any of the materials Wash hands thoroughly Activity 1 – Lab Tips •Make sure you are working on a level surface. •Place a towel under the plate or dish to catch any water that spills. •A bowl or large glass with a wide opening will work. Activity 1 – Lab Tips •Use the ruler to measure about 20 cm of thread. •A smaller loop works better. The loop should be about 3 to 4 cm across. •Cut off the excess thread from the knot. •Measure and record the length of the loop as described on page 8, Step 6 of the Investigation Manual. •Use a pair of toothpicks to hold the loop taught. Activity 1 – Lab Tips •After pulling liquid into the syringe, hold the open end upward and expel any air bubbles. •Read the volume on the syringe from the flat portion of the plunger closest to the liquid. •Volume should be read to two places after the decimal. Activity 2 – Lab Tips •Place a weighing boat on the balance and then Tare the balance before weighing. •When weighing the aluminum foil, fold it to make sure that all of the foil is supported on the weighing boat. •Don’t let the foil touch the table top when weighing. •Record all digits displayed. • If there is additional assistance needed with using the balance, view the previously provided video on the electronic balance. Correction in the Investigation Manual •In Data Table 1 (see Page 11), the Concentration of Stearic Acid in Hexane should be 0.1 g/L NOT 0.1 g/mL. •The correct unit set is used in the sample calculation on Page 5 of the Investigation Manual. •Note: The correct unit is in the data table in the Lab Report provided. Images/Photos As you complete this lab, please capture images of the following steps of the lab procedure to include in your submitted lab report. ◦ Image 1: Completed and tied loop of thread after trimming excess thread for Activity 1 (See Page 8 Step 4) ◦ Image 2: Dish of water with completed monolayer in thread for Activity 1 (See Page 9, Step 16) ◦ Image 3: Width measurement of aluminum foil for Activity 2 (See Page 10, Step 3) ◦ Image 4: Mass determination of folded piece of aluminum for Activity 2 (See Page 10, Step 5) For each image you capture, include a card with your name, the appropriate date and section number written on it. This card must be visible in each image you submit with your lab report. Failure to include these images or the card with the image will result in a grade of zero for the submitted lab. Clean Up •Clean up any spills and dispose of the hexane solution as directed in the Disposal and Cleanup section of the Investigation Manual (see page 10).[Guidelines provided by Carolina] •Clean and dry all equipment used. •Place your equipment and supplies back into their safe storage location until you need them again. •Clean and disinfect all surfaces used. •Thoroughly wash your hands. Estimating Avogadro’s Number Laboratory Report Activity 1: Determination of Avogadro’s Number Using Stearic Acid Monolayer Data Table Use the information entered into Data Table 1 in the Investigation Manual to complete the table below. Items in BOLD are data collected during completion of the experiment. Asterisks (*) are calculated values. Showing the work for some of the calculations is required (Activity 1 Questions/ Calculation Examples). Measurements Trial 1 Trial 2 Length of Thread Used (cm) as described in Step 6 Measure after loop is made, this is the circumference of the circle. 00.0000.00 *Radius of Loop (cm) Use: Circumference = 2ϖr where ϖ = 3.14 00.0000.00 *Area of Loop (cm2) Use: Area = ϖr2 where ϖ = 3.14 00.0000.00 Initial Volume of Stearic Acid Solution in Syringe (mL) 0.000.00 Final Volume of Stearic Acid Solution in Syringe (mL) 0.000.00 *Volume of Stearic Acid Dispensed (mL) Use: (initial volume – final volume) 0.000.00 Concentration of Stearic Acid 0.1 g/L 0.1 g/L *Mass of Stearic Acid (g) Use: volume(L) x concentration 0.0000000.000000 *Moles of Stearic Acid (mol) Use: Mass(g) x 1 mol/284.5 g 0.00 x 10 00 0.00 x 10 00 Area of Stearic Acid in loop (cm2) Use: Area of Stearic Acid = Area of Loop (already determined) 00.0000.00 Area of one Stearic Acid Molecule (cm2) 20.7 x 10-16 cm2 20.7 x 10-16 cm2 Number of Stearic Acid Molecules in Loop Use: Area of Stearic Acid in Loop/Area of 1 Stearic Acid Molecule 0.00 x 10 00 0.00 x 10 00 Avogadro’s Number Use: Number of Stearic Acid Molecules/Moles of Stearic acid) 0.00 x 10 00 0.00 x 10 00 Avogadro’ Number (Average Value of the two Trials) 0.00 x 10 00 Percent Error (%) (Based on Average Value) 0.00 Activity 1 Questions/Calculation Examples 1. (0.5 points) Show the calculation below of the area of the thread loop used in Trial 1 as illustrated on Page 5 of the Investigation Manual. This corresponds to the calculation required for the ‘Area of Loop’ in the table above. Click or tap here to enter text. 2. (0.5 points) Show the calculation below of the mass of stearic acid used to form the monolayer in Trial 1 as illustrated on Page 5 of the Investigation Manual. This corresponds to the calculation required for the ‘Mass of Stearic Acid’ in the table above. Click or tap here to enter text. 3. (0.5 points) Show the calculation below of the number of moles of stearic acid in Trial 1 as illustrated on Page 5 of the Investigation Manual. This corresponds to the calculation required for the ‘Moles of Stearic Acid’ in the table above. Click or tap here to enter text. 4. (0.5 points) Show the calculation below of the number of stearic acid molecules in the monolayer in Trial 1 as illustrated on Page 6 of the Investigation Manual. This corresponds to the calculation required for the ‘Number of Stearic Acid Molecules in Loop’ in the table above. Click or tap here to enter text. 5. (0.5 points) Show the calculation below of Avogadro’s Number in Trial 1 as illustrated on Page 6 of the Investigation Manual. This corresponds to the calculation required for the ‘Avogadro’s Number in the table above. Click or tap here to enter text. 6. (0.5 points) Comment of the precision of the result of the two trials. Click or tap here to enter text. 7. (0.5 points) Determine the percent error based on the average value for Avogadro’s number and enter it in the data table above. % Error = Click or tap here to enter text. 8. (0.5 points) Describe how you disposed of the stearic acid in hexane solution upon completion of the experiment. Click or tap here to enter text. Activity 2: Determination of Avogadro’s Number Using Aluminum Foil Data Table Use the information entered into Data Table 2 in the Investigation Manual to complete the table below. Items in BOLD are data collected during completion of the experiment. Asterisks (*) are calculated values. Follow the calculations below. Measurement Trial Length of Aluminum Foil (cm) 00.00 Width of Aluminum Foil (cm) 00.00 *Area of Aluminum Foil (cm2) Result of Calculation #1 000.0 Mass of Aluminum Foil (g) 0.00 Density of Aluminum (g/cm3) 2.70 g/cm3 *Volume of Aluminum Foil from Density (cm3) Result of Calculation #2 0.00 Molar Mass of Aluminum (g/mol) 26.98 g/mol *Moles of Aluminum Used (mol) Result of Calculation #3 0.000 Atomic Radius of Aluminum atom (pm & m) 143 pm (1.43 x 10-10 m) *Volume of Aluminum Atoms (cm3) Result of Calculation #4 0.00 *Number of Aluminum Atoms Result of Calculation #5 0.00 x 10 00 *Avogadro’s Number 0.00 x 10 00 *Thickness of Aluminum Foil (cm) Result of Calculation #9 0.00000 Diameter of an Aluminum Atom (2 x radius) 286 pm (2.86 x 10-10 m) *Number of Layers of Aluminum Atoms Result of Calculation #10 0.00 x 10 00 Calculations 1. (0.5 points) Using the length and width measurements, calculate the area (in cm2). Show your work below and enter your answer in the data table above. Click or tap here to enter text. 2. (0.5 points) Using the mass(g) measurement and the density(g/cm3) of aluminum (2.70 g/cm3), determine the volume (in cm3) for the piece of aluminum foil. Show your work below and enter
Answered 5 days AfterOct 19, 2021

Answer To: Lab: Estimating Avogadro's Number This laboratory has you using two different methods to determine...

Neelakshi answered on Oct 24 2021
122 Votes
Estimating Avogadro’s Number
Laboratory Report
Activity 1: Determination of Avogadro’s Number Using Stearic Acid
Monolayer
Data Table
Use the information entered into Data Table 1 in the Investigation Manual to complete the table
below. Items in BOLD are data collect
ed during completion of the experiment. Asterisks (*) are
calculated values. Showing the work for some of the calculations is required (Activity 1
Questions/ Calculation Examples).
Measurements Trial 1 Trial 2
Length of Thread Used (cm) as described in
Step 6
Measure after loop is made, this is the circumference
of the circle.
6.5 6.54
*Radius of Loop (cm)
Use: Circumference = 2ϖr where ϖ = 3.14
4.0 4
*Area of Loop (cm2)
Use: Area = ϖr2 where ϖ = 3.14
12.56 12.56
Initial Volume of Stearic Acid Solution in
Syringe (mL)
1 1
Final Volume of Stearic Acid Solution in Syringe
(mL)
0 0
*Volume of Stearic Acid Dispensed (mL)
Use: (initial volume – final volume)
1 1
Concentration of Stearic Acid 0.1 g/L 0.1 g/L
*Mass of Stearic Acid (g)
Use: volume(L) x concentration
2.6g 2.8g
*Moles of Stearic Acid (mol)
Use: Mass(g) x 1 mol/284.5 g
0.91 x 10 2 0.98 x 10 2
Area of Stearic Acid in loop (cm2)
Use: Area of Stearic Acid = Area of Loop (already
determined)
12.56 12.56
Area of one Stearic Acid Molecule (cm2) 20.7 x 10-16 cm2 20.7 x 10-16 cm2
Number of Stearic Acid Molecules in Loop
Use: Area of Stearic Acid in Loop/Area of 1 Stearic
Acid Molecule
1.64 x 10 14 1.64 x 10 14
Avogadro’s Number
Use: Number of Stearic Acid Molecules/Moles of
Stearic acid)
1.811 x 10 12 1.8111 x 10 2
Avogadro’ Number (Average Value of the two Trials) 1.811 x 10 12
Percent Error (%) (Based on Average Value) 23
Activity 1 Questions/Calculation Examples
1. (0.5 points) Show the calculation below of the area of the thread loop used in Trial 1 as
illustrated on Page 5 of the Investigation Manual. This corresponds to the calculation
required for the ‘Area of Loop’ in the table above.
Area of Loop (cm2)
Area = ϖr2 where ϖ = 3.14, = 3.14*4*4 = 50.24 cm2
2. (0.5 points) Show the calculation below of the mass of stearic acid used to form the
monolayer in Trial 1 as illustrated on Page 5 of the Investigation Manual. This
corresponds to the calculation required for the ‘Mass of Stearic Acid’ in the table above.
Mass (in grams) of one mole of stearic acid 1 mole = 284.48 g/mol
3. (0.5 points) Show the calculation below of the number of moles of stearic acid in Trial 1
as illustrated on Page 5 of the Investigation Manual. This corresponds to the calculation
required for the ‘Moles of Stearic Acid’ in the table above.
Moles of Stearic Acid (mol)
Use: Mass(g) x 1 mol/284.5 g = 0.91 x 10 2
4. (0.5 points) Show the calculation below of the number of stearic acid molecules in the
monolayer in...
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