(mayayowa) Topic : Medication errors in the hospital. Question : (1)What are the most effective way to improve adult patient safety on medication errors among the newly qualified nurses in the...

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(mayayowa) Topic : Medication errors in the hospital.
Question : (1)What are the most effective way to improve adult patient safety on medication errors among the newly qualified nurses in the hospital. it should be related to mentioned patient different examples between 10 - 17 reference including intext reference

Choosing your topic/area of interest


For your final assessment, you need to carry out a literature review (length 3,000 words). You will need to look for evidence to support best nursing practice in your chosen area of interest (and/or identify areas where evidence supporting current practice is missing).


In order to identify
the best available evidence, you will need to carry out an
effective literature search.
The aim of your search is to identify the best quality research papers (not just any paper that happens to mention your topic!). This is where you will be expected to demonstrate some
critical appraisal skills.


You can either
choose a topic from the list provided, or
choose a topic of your own choice.



What makes a suitable topic?


The topic should be related to some
aspect of patient care, and you should aim to identify some evidence-based interventions or recommendations that could improve patient experience/patient care.


Remember that some areas of care have been widely researched, but other areas may not have been. If there has been limited research around your chosen topic, you might find that there is not much of an evidence-base behind current practice. This does not mean that your topic is unsuitable, but it would be advisable to speak to a tutor to discuss how you will approach this.



Turn your topic into
a question


You will need to formulate your topic as
a question.


Avoid phrasing it as a
‘closed’ question
(i.e. a question where the answer could only be ‘yes’ or ‘no’).


Try to start with something like:


What are the most effective…….?


How effective is……………………..?


What is the impact of………………?


How can nurses improve the experience of ……………………………?


What is the best method of ……………………………?


What strategies or interventions can……………………………….?






A good research question


• States what is to be answered


• Identifies how the question will be addressed by identifying the key indicators that will


be used in gathering data



– e.g. ‘To what extent do Band 5 mental health nurses participate in clinical decision



making, and to what extent do they want to participate?’



Research questions need to be phrased in terms of uncertainty:



– Not
‘how does the rising cost of healthy food impact on families’ ability to eat


healthily?’


– Better to ask, ‘what are the factors that families take into consideration when


making food choices?’




• Research questions also need to generate relevant empirical data:



– e,g, ‘What factors prevent pre-registration nursing students from



arriving for lectures on time?’






• Research questions shouldn’t contain value judgements



– Not
‘what is the best way to get pre-registration nursing students to arrive for


lectures on time?’


Even if we did get data on what would help students, it wouldn’t tell us the ‘best’


way. We haven’t defined what ‘best’ means in this context.



Green and Thorogood (2014)






Types of Research Questions:


• If concepts are too general, question may not be directly answerable


• Can have several general research questions within a topic (avoid this!)



e.g. ‘what is the relationship between family background factors and the incidence of



youth suicide?





Specific Research Question:


• More detailed and concrete


• Point to the data needed to answer them



• E.g. ‘what is the relationship between family income and the incidence of youth



suicide?’



Punch (2000)



COMPLETE THE
Asking Research Questions Worksheet - PICO and PEO






PICO-
stands for patient/population, intervention, comparison and outcomes






PEO- Stands for Population /patient, Exposure, Outcome






So evidence like NMC, NHS, The health foundation, NICE, Mental Capacity Act, Royal College of Nursing, Care Act, CQC etc should be referenced. Use



REFERENCES


• Green, J. and Thorogood, N. (2014) Qualitative Methods for Health Research. (3rd


edn.) London: Sage.


• Punch, K. (2000) Developing Effective Research Proposals. London: Sage.








Answered Same DayNov 27, 2021

Answer To: (mayayowa) Topic : Medication errors in the hospital. Question : (1)What are the most effective way...

Soumi answered on Mar 11 2021
129 Votes
IMPLEMENTING EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE SUMMATIVE ASSIGNMENT
Table of Contents
Introduction    3
Research Question    3
Methodology    4
Results of the Search Strategy    5
Quality Appraisal    6
Article 1:    6
Article 2:    7
Article 3:    7
Article 4:    8
Article 5:    9
Article 6:    10
Summary and Synthesis of the Papers    10
Issues of Implementation    11
Conclusion    12
References    13
Appendix    14
1. Qualitative Study CASP    14
2. Cross-Sectional Study CASP    15
3. Cohort Study CASP    16
4. Systematic Review CASP    17
Introduction
Nurses are trusted to provide best possible care to the patients; however, nurses can also perform certain errors, which could be life threatening for the patient. Medication errors are one of the widely occurring preventable mistakes in healthcare industry an
d it can lead to severe physical injury as well as death of the patient (Ebrahimipour et al, 2016; Flynn et al, 2016).). Medication error could be resultant from systematic issue or plain human error; however, irrespective of the cause, it can lead to severe physical injury and possible death of the patient.
As per Fathi et al (2017) analysis, medication errors are the most common health concern threatening or affecting patient care and these could result into increased mortality and increases healthcare expenditure. Newly qualified nurses or newly recruited nurses at the hospitals are more prone to perform medication errors through wrong dosage, medication route, giving medicine to wrong patient, wrong calculation and much more.
All of these result into threatened patient safety at the hospital along with a surge in patient dissatisfaction. Therefore, this paper would discuss medication errors performed by newly qualified nurses as a threat to patient safety. Further, efforts would be made to identity relevant literature concerning the actual cause behind research question and some effective ways to improve patient safety along with decreased medication errors at the hospital.
Research Question
It would be essential to understand that medication errors are one of the most common and highly preventable healthcare issues. There could be numerous rationales behind the occurrence of medication errors and these are most common among newly appointed nurses. Providing patients with the required medications is one of the most critical and essential duties, which nurses have to perform. All members of the team concerning the healthcare providers or healthcare team could cause medication errors; however, nursing based medication errors are mostly common in newly hired ones. This is majorly because of the fact that nurses execute majority of the medical orders and they spend more than 40% of their time administering medications in the hospital.
As presented by Hammoudi, Ismaile and Abu Yahya (2018), major facilitators of medication errors involving nurses are related to packaging, pharmacy processes nurse-physician communication and lack of experience. Therefore, the criterion of the research question for this paper would be guided by the following inquiry:
‘What are the most effective ways to improve adult patient safety on medication errors among the newly qualified nurses in the hospital?’
PICO—
Population – In order to accomplish the course of research, the selected population will be newly qualified nurses.
Intervention – Decreased medication errors to improve adult patient safety.
Comparison - Experienced nurses possess the ability to confer challenges encountered during medicating the patients; however, new nurses confront complex situations like to counter the challenges and the fear of reporting as well as disagreements could drive them to medication errors. Further, it would be essential to note in the present context that the current literature provides enough evidences to support medication errors and inclusion of nurses in the cases; however, there is a lag of emphasis upon inclusion of new nurses leading to medication errors.
Outcomes – Increased patient safety and decreased risk of causalities.
Aims and objectives of this review paper would be—
· To identify medication errors and role of nurses
· To understand the involvement of nurses concerning types of medication errors
· To analyse the role of newly qualified nurses in increasing medication errors
· To establish a link between patient safety and medication errors
· To propose effective strategies in order to counter medication errors involving newly qualified nurses.
Methodology
Selection of papers to be included in the presented review was a complex and multi-step process. The database used for the retrieval of research papers was ‘Google scholar’. In order to continue with the search, research question was broken into fragments and key words were identified as ‘medication errors’, ‘nurses’ and ‘patient safety’. These key words were shuffles and they were combined using Boolean ‘AND’. This resulted into around 55,000 search results. Therefore, in order to narrow down the research, several filters were implied such as year of publishing was selected at 2016 and this removed papers older than 2016. Likewise, only peer reviewed papers were selected for this review and this narrowed down the research to only 21 papers.
Inclusion and exclusion criteria were implied where papers excluding the research terms were neglected. Moreover, papers that were not peer reviewed were also excluded. Therefore, in order to present an effective review, six papers were selected whose results and quality appraisals will be presented below.
Results of the Search Strategy
The results from above presented search strategy allowed identification of six research papers, which would be included in this review. Hammoudi, Ismaile and Abu Yahya (2018) mentioned that medication errors caused by nurses are majorly related to medication packaging, unclear medication dosage, workload, lack of staff and lack of experience among new nurses and poor communication between nurses and the physician. Therefore, it would be essential to understand that irrespective of nurse’s qualification or experience in the industry certain external factors could also be held responsible for occurrence of medication errors.
Further, Bjorksten et al. (2016) mentioned that out of total identified 613 medication errors, the most common medication error was of wrong dosage, followed by administration of medication to wrong patient. Moreover, they also presented that negligence and lack of attentiveness from the nurses was one of the major contributory factors (68%) concerning the occurrence of medication errors. Fathi et al. (2017) presented similar results from the hospitals of west Iran and as evident from the results presented by authors, it would be essential to consider that the increased prevalence of medication errors was associated with wrong administration at wrong time and dosage errors.
Moreover, these causative factors were more prevalent among newly appointed nurses, as they lacked experience and professional exposure. Likewise, new nurses did not report medication errors and was a reflected as a direct concern to patient safety. Fathi et al. (2017) proposed that reduction of staff workload and introduction of nurse’s training could ensure patient safety and reduction in medication errors.
Lee (2017) presented another major threat to patient safety accompanied with medication errors, which was not reporting medication errors. In other words, nurses were not reporting medication errors in incident report, which has been identified as serious threat to patient safety. Medication errors in most of the cases could be controlled or reversed; however, non-disclosure or non-filing of the incident clearly...
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