PHY 110 Questions - These will be graded for correctness. Do not google and cut and paste. Write in own words from notes and books materials. 1. What factors affect the size of the pressure at a point...

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PHY 110 Questions - These will be graded for correctness. Do not google and cut and paste. Write in own words from notes and books materials. 1. What factors affect the size of the pressure at a point in a static fluid? How can a blow to the front of the eye cause damage to the retina of the eye? Why is it dangerous to throw an aerosol can into a fire? Use the concepts of pressure, volume and temperature in your explanation. What is needed to cause a fluid to flow? 2. A 10 lb toy is floating in a swimming pool. What is the size of the Buoyant Force acting on it? As a fluid flows through a piece of tubing of large diameter, then through a piece of tubing of smaller diameter, why must the flow rates be the same in both pieces of tubing? Give two ways to make the flow of a fluid turbulent. What is the cause of air pressure? 3. Why does the pressure a fluid exerts on the walls of its container decrease when the fluid starts to flow through the container (e.g. a piece of tubing)? Why is it impossible to pull a fluid? What does it mean to "entrain a fluid" into a flow? When the gauge on a cylinder of gas reads zero, is the cylinder actually empty? Explain. PhET Simulation – Gas Properties Name ________________________________________ https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/gas-properties or Google “phet gas properties” Boyle’s Law (P1V1 = P2V2) 1. Add 100 “light species” gas particles to the chamber. 2. Click on “temperature” under the constant parameter section. This will keep temperature from changing during this part of the experiment. 3. Click on “measurement tools” and add the ruler. Drag the ruler under the box so you can measure its length. 4. Adjust the volume with the handle on the left side of the chamber. Record the pressure at each of the following volumes. Volume Pressure (atm) High volume (Box length is 15.0nm) Three-Quarters Volume (Handle is at 11.5nm) Half Volume (Handle is at 8.5nm) Quarter Volume (Handle is at 5.0nm) 5. What kind of relationship do pressure and volume have? 6. Circle the graph below that best represents the relationship between pressure and volume. Practice Problem: Find the volume of a gas that has a pressure of 20 atm that was compressed from 10 liters with a pressure of 12 atm. Charles’ Law (V1 / T1 = V2 / T2) 1. Reset the simulation. Add 100 “light species” particles to the chamber. Wait until the pressure stabilizes at about 0.5atm. 2. Set pressure as a constant parameter. 3. Use the “heat control” to increase the temperature until the volume reaches the highest size in the table. Record the temperature. Repeat for the other volumes. Volume Temperature (K) High volume (Box length is 15.0nm) Three-Quarters Volume (Handle is at 11.5nm) Half Volume (Handle is at 8.5nm) Quarter Volume (Handle is at 5nm) 4. What kind of relationship do temperature and volume have? 5. Circle the graph below that best represents the relationship between pressure and volume. Practice Problem: Find the temperature of a gas that has a volume of 15 liters that was compressed to 5 liters with a temperature of 30 degrees Celsius. Remember the temperature must be in Kelvin. Gay-Lussac Law (P1 / T1 = P2 / T2) 1. Reset the simulation. Add 100 “light species” particles to the chamber. 2. Adjust the length of the box to about10.0nm. Set volume as a constant parameter. 3. Estimate the pressure at each of the following temperatures. Temperature Pressure (atm) 200K 400K 800K 1600K 4. At what temperature is the container ruptured? Why does this happen? 5. What kind of relationship do temperature and pressure have? 6. Circle the graph below that best represents the relationship between pressure and volume. Practice Problem: Find the volume of a gas that has a temperature of 25 degrees Celsius that was compressed from 10 liters with a temperature of 50 degrees Celsius. Practice Problem: Find the temperature of a gas that has a pressure of 15 atm and a volume of 10 liters that was compressed from 20 liters with a pressure of 5 atm and a temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Avagadro’s Law (V1 / n1 = V2 / n2) 1. Reset the simulation. Set pressure as a constant parameter. 2. Add 10 “light species” particles to the chamber. Record maximum volume (length of box). The volume will fluctuate, so estimate the largest it gets. Change the number of particles and continue recording the volume. x Length of Box (nm) 10 20 30 3. What kind of relationship is present between number of particles and volume? 4. Circle the graph below that best represents the relationship between number of particles and volume.