BSB50215 DIPLOMA OF BUSINESS BSBWHS521 Ensure a safe workplace for a work area Student Name : Student ID : 2 Assessment Task 1: Written Questions QUESTION 1 - Discuss the rationale for nationally...

BSB50215
DIPLOMA OF BUSINESS
BSBWHS521
Ensure a safe workplace for a work area
Student Name        :    
Student ID         :
2
Assessment Task 1: Written Questions
QUESTION 1 - Discuss the rationale for nationally harmonised work health and safety laws and identify participating and non-participating states/territories.
    Answer:
The goal of the model WHS Act and the alternative WHS enactment is to provide a consistent set of rules that protect workers' health and safety at work across the country. As of present, the regulations of each state and domain differ, which will produce confusion for businesses and workers, as well as completely different standards of wellness depending on where the job is divided. The model Work Health and Safety Act's main goal is to "accommodate a fair and predictable system across the country to verify the wellbeing and security of representatives and work settings." Harmonization took place on the first day of the Gregorian calendar month 2013 in Tasmania and South Australia. WHS has taken on a new meaning in several states. The Australian state has already said that they will pursue, but has not specified a timeline. Victoria has already said that they will not be putting language on the table for amicable implementation at this time. The new legislation has yet to be implemented in Victoria and other Australian states. Until they do, each of those states can continue to use their existing legislation and guidance materials while remaining under the WHS umbrella. What I believe is that these laws are wise for representatives working in significant and difficult things and situations; they should be ensured that there is security for them and that there is someone dealing with them to ensure that nothing goes wrong, and if something does go wrong, the person who made the mistake should be held accountable.
QUESTION 2 - Identify the title and date of the WHS/OHS Act and Regulation for the state in which you are located.
    The Work Health and Safety Regulation 2017 is the name of the regulation. This regulation takes effect on the first day of the Gregorian calendar month of 2017 and should have been posted on the government organization's enactment website. The Work Health and Safety Regulation 2011, which was cancelled on one Gregorian calendar month 2017 under section ten (2) of the Subordinate Legislation Act 1989, was replaced by this Regulation.
QUESTION 3 - a) Discuss the purpose of a code of practice.
    Answer: A code of practise is frequently a record that improves movement security laws and laws to provide cautious reasonable directing on an approach to fits legitimate commitments, and will be pursued unless another goal with a proportional or higher wellbeing standard is in place, or is also a report for a similar reason printed by a self-enacting body to be followed by part associations.
QUESTION 3 - b) Give two examples of a code of practice relevant to your work or the State where you are located, including their title and key purpose.
    Models:
1. Construction work; Code of training: This code of conduct provides appropriate direction while in transit to remove, or if that is too much to bear, to restrict the risks associated with development activities.
2. Training Code; Excavation Work: This code of conduct provides reasonable guidance on how to monitor the safety and risks associated with exhumation activities.
QUESTION 4 - Outline the factors that must be taken into account in determining control measures for hazardous manual tasks as stated in the model Work Health and Safety Regulations 2011.
    Hoisting, lowering, pushing, forcing, conveying, or otherwise moving, holding, or controlling an individual, creature, or issue that includes one or more of the following:
· power that is boring or never ends
· sudden or high power
· uninteresting development
· ungainly or continued attitude
· Vibration exposure.
The body will be overburdened by these components, causing injury.
As defined by the WHS rules, a contractile organ issue (MSD) is defined as a significant injury to, or disease of, the framework, regardless of whether it occurs suddenly or over time. We will master a throbbing ache, back issues, or muscular strains throughout our lives. Some of them may be the product of our rehearsals.
QUESTION 5 - Define the following terms ‘duty holder’ and ‘PCBU’ and explain their duty of care under WHS/OHS legislation.
    DUTY HOLDER
Someone is alluded to. Under the WHS Act, the World Health Organization, like a person in charge of a business or project (PCBU), an architect, producer, merchant, provider, or installer of a product or plant used at work (upstream obligation holders), a legislator, and representatives, owe a piece health and safety obligation. Only one person will have a similar requirement at the same time, in which case the responsibility will be shared. Obligations cannot be rescheduled.
PCBU
Makes a reference to someone Under the WHS Act, the World Health Organization, like a person in charge of a business or project (PCBU), an architect, producer, merchant, provider, or installer of a product or plant used at work (upstream obligation holders), a legislator, and representatives, has a piece health and safety obligation. Every single person will have a similar obligation at the same time, in which case the responsibility will be shared. Obligations are unmovable.
QUESTION 6 - Explain four ways in which hazards can be identified in the workplace.
    ANSWER:
1. Examine all aspects of the job and learn non-routine tasks such as upkeep, repair, and cleansing.
2. Examine the physical work environment, as well as the hardware, supplies, and other objects that are used.
3. Recognize how the errands have been completed.
4. Look at the records of harm and occurrences.
QUESTION 7 - Discuss the process of risk assessment and control in workplace health and safety.
    ANSWER:
RISK ASSESSMENT
Hazard assessment determines how likely and accurate the outcomes will be for persons inside the topographical area being exposed to the danger. Determine whether or if the hazards are real and shake them first. You should think about the following things while assessing the opportunity:
1. the type of danger
2. If the hazard is taken seriously, it may cause injury or illness (result)
3. in any case, is it likely that this outcome will occur? (probability)
4. the frequency and duration of the introduction
5. It will have an impact on the UN office
6. aptitudes
7. People's abilities, mastery, and time 
8. The working environment's layout and condition.
RISK management Hazard
The executives' responsibilities include deciding what has to be done to eliminate or mitigate threats to the board's well-being and security. Whenever possible, you should try to eradicate or destroy the problem at the geological level, such as by employing an altogether novel technique or changing the way business is done. If it is impossible to eliminate the risk, the Hierarchy of Risk the board should be accustomed to declare the most imperative pressing steps to reduce the threats.
QUESTION 8 - Explain the purpose of the hierarchy of control and each of the options available from most effective to least effective. Provide an example for each.
    ANSWER:
Hierarchy of risk control
1. Redesign or style the working environment to eliminate risk: make sure that hazards are structured out when new materials, instruments, and work frameworks are being arranged for the geographic point. For instance, if employees must operate at a height higher than the base, the danger is frequently eliminated by lowering the item they are working on to ground level, eliminating the need to figure at heights.
2. remove or substitute the hazard: any area where a danger exists, remove it or replace it with less hazardous items, instruments, or substances. For instance, instead of hazardous paint, use Ti white. To be a successful administration, the new item should not pose a new danger. Because variable soil is usually harmful, if an item is commonly acquired with a larger molecular size, the smaller item might be appropriately replaced for the larger item.
3. Enclose or seclude the danger: this should be accomplished through the use of impediments, the presentation of a strict work environment, and the introduction of a raucous method from a person.
4. Control by design: this should be feasible through the use of machine watches, appealing ventilation frameworks, and so on. For example, rather than buying, replacing, and maintaining fall capture apparatus, a company can make a piece stage. Similar to abusing remotely operated instruments, "fenced in area and solitude" creates a physical barrier between the work force and the risks. As a form of manufactured administration, smoke hoods will eliminate a variety of pollutants.
5. Reduce the risk by implementing body controls: establish appropriate techniques and safe work practises such as job rotation to reduce presentation time or fatigue; transiently plan the work so that fewer labourers are exposed; routine upkeep and work methodology; and instructing on hazards and appropriate work methods. Signs, alarms, naming, procedures, and training are just a few examples.
6. Individual Security Equipment: Provide appropriate and successfully maintained near to house security instrumentation and ensure that personnel are trained in its proper usage. For instance, safety glasses, gloves, a respirator, and other items worn by a person to protect them from a threat.
QUESTION 9 - a) Explain two reasons why it is important to report WHS incidents within the workplace to relevant persons.
    REASONS:
1. They provide a mechanism to keep track of possible issues and fundamental causes as they arise. The documenting of such issues and fundamental causes will improve the chances of continuation failures being recognised and fixed before they become a large number of major events.
2. The majority of incident report forms construct the boundaries that prevent bad things from becoming a major accident or tragedy.
QUESTION 9 - b) Identify at least two position holders to whom incidents may be reported.
    · Incidents should be reported to your immediate management.
· Manager of time units
QUESTION 10 - Identify the three events that are defined as ‘notifiable incidents’ and the period of time for which employers must keep records of these incidents.
    ANSWER:
An advisory incident happens when:
· a person dies;
· a person suffers significant harm or is unwell; or
· a very dangerous occurrence occurs.
The episode's record should be kept for at least 5 years by the employer.
QUESTION 11 - Within what time period must an employer notify their worker’s compensation insurer where a worker has received a workplace injury?
    ANSWER:
The originator of an injured worker must notify the non-safe money linked organisation or the Authority within 48 hours of becoming aware that a representative has suffered geological point damage in the manner prescribed by the laws.
QUESTION 12 - Identify the data a workplace is required to keep about an injury and provide one example of the kind of system a workplace may use to identify patterns of occupational injury and disease.
    ANSWER: When looking at injury statistics, pay attention to the following points:
· Examining the most common types of wounds (e.g., devours, cuts, sprains, wounds, breaks)
· Examining the actuality of injury and the expenses of workers' compensation or insufficiency claims, as well as the number of days the delegate was unable to work.
· Examining the most widely recognised areas of the body that were injured (e.g., hands, shoulders, head, etc)
· Investigating the cause of the injury (e.g., falls, slips, body position, struck by flying thing)
· Analysing the number of people who have been harmed as a result of a (e.g., time of harm)
· Analysing the number of times damage occurs each motion, per day, and per delegate. As an example, the relationship has one disadvantage in terms of achieving restorative thinking, which is to be expected. Alternatively, compared to the previous year, the rate of near misses is 1 for every 50 delegates.
· Analysing damage rates by sex, age, and kind of job
· An examination of OSHA or other records of reported catastrophes that resulted in harm or near misses that did not result in harm may reveal a security risk.
· Review of Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS), which provide information on the short- and long-term economic implications, physical and creation qualities, instability, security threats, and emergency response procedures in the case of overexposure to items utilised in industry. MSDS are provided to businesses from the item's manufacturer or supplier. This information should be used to familiarise delegates with the resources they are working with and to unequivocally label the items in order to elicit thinking and consideration about the benefits and risks the item may bring.
Model:
Massachusetts Workers' Compensation, Department of Industrial Accidents
The incident occurs on the trade floor, 
· worker notices that the individual is injured or has been cleared out.
· Restorative idea is obtained by the worker.
· Physicians thoroughly investigate the situation.
· The physician considers the patient's medical history or authority, as well as the condition's work-relatedness, and advises the specialist.
· A physician demonstrates the connection between the workplace introduction and the restorative issue.
· Physician verifies that authority has been rendered ineffective for at least 5 schedule days.
· The Department of Industrial Accidents receives the first report from the employer, agent, or backup plan.
Assessment Task 2: WHS Development
For this assessment you will play the role of Jay Gartner, Business Compliance Specialist for CBSA. CBSA is a consultancy service providing assistance with compliance, finances, human resources, information technology and other business needs to ensure that businesses have the expertise and support they need to survive and prosper. You should familiarise yourself with what CBSA does, its services and history, the organisational structure of the business and its employees. Ensure that you read the Business Plan to understand CBSA’s mission, vision, and business objectives.
T2 PART A – DEVELOP WHS RECORD-KEEPING SYSTEM
(1) Develop a Work Health and Safety Management System (WHSMS) folder structure. Create an electronic folder structure that represents the record keeping requirements as outlined in the email from Henry for the WHSMS.
(2) Share access to the WHSMS root folder of the cloud-based system to your assessor so they can confirm that the folder structure is sufficient for the purposes of WHS recordkeeping.
You will be required to create this folder structure electronically using a cloud-based storage system such as Google Drive, Box, Dropbox, OneDrive or similar. This will be used to save the WHS documentation you are creating for this assessment into these folders. If you don’t have a cloud-based storage account for any of the providers you will need to register to use one.
T2 PART B – REVISE EXISTING WHS POLICY
(1) Update WHS policy.
Download the existing CBSA Health and Safety Policy & Procedures (accessible via the CBSA website) and then update the policy so that it includes:
a) The definitions of duty holders under WHS legislation
b) A statement regarding working at home
c) A statement regarding fatigue management
(2) Write an email to Henry Thomas (your assessor). Your email must:
 Specify who the email is to
 Specify an appropriate subject
 Specify and include the updated policy as an attachment
 Contain a body part of the email detailing why you are sending the email. You must specify that you are requesting approval of the changes you have made to the policy.
 Contain a CBSA email footer specifying the name and job position of the staff member you are role playing.
    Health and Safety Policy & Procedures
Purpose
The strategy used by Complete Business Solutions Australia (CBSA) to maintain a safe and healthy environment for workers, clients, and visitors while participating in work activities in the workplace is outlined in this policy and procedures.
Policy
Compliance
1.1. CBSA complies with the following standards through this policy and related procedure:
· NSW Work Health and Safety Act 2011
· NSW Work Health and Safety Regulation 2017
1.2. Through the removal and/or minimisation of hazards originating from work activities, the CBSA is committed to protecting employees and clients' health, safety, and welfare.
1.3. A Health and Safety Representative has been selected by CBSA to communicate with persons about health and safety issues and to ensure that the organisation complies with all health and safety regulations at all times.
Working safely
1.4. All employees must work safely, take all reasonable precautions to protect their own health and safety, and constantly consider the health and safety of others who may be harmed by their activities.
1.5. In order to promote and build a healthy and safe workplace, CBSA promotes active engagement, cooperation, and consultation with all employees.
1.6. All employees will get a role-specific induction, which will include information on workplace health and safety. Staff will get training and information updates on a regular basis.
Access to premises
1.7. The CBSA's access to premises protocols must be followed by all employees and guests.
Workplace inspections
1.8. Every work environment will be assessed on a regular basis to identify safety risks, hazards, and opportunities for improvement.
1.9. Staff that visit a client's location should make sure they follow all of the client's WHS requirements.
Duty Holder
A person conducting a business or undertaking (PCBU), designer, manufacturer, importer, supplier, installer of items or plant used at work (upstream duty holders), officer, and workers are all examples of people who owe a work health and safety duty under the WHS Act. When more than one person has the same responsibility at the same time, the responsibility is shared. It is not possible to shift responsibilities.
Hazard identification and risk control
1.10. Any dangers or safety issues must be reported by all employees as soon as they become aware of them. Where applicable, the CBSA will take rapid action to respond to occurrences, assess risks, and control hazards.
Incidents
1.11. Staff are obliged to report any incidences at work that may have an impact on an individual's health or safety as soon as possible.
1.12. All occurrences that have an impact on an individual's health and safety will be responded to, investigated, and recorded by the CBSA, and efforts will be taken to prevent recurrence.
Safety records
1.13. At all times, accurate records of the organization's workplace hazards, dangers, and injuries shall be kept.
Procedures
Workplace inspections
Inspections
The Health and Safety Representative will inspect each worksite using the WHS Inspection Checklist at least once a year.
The Trainer will evaluate the delivery venues where training will take place before beginning delivery to verify that they are suitable.
The inspection results will be recorded in the WHS Inspection Register. 
Any dangers discovered shall be dealt with in accordance with the processes for hazard control and risk assessment.
Access to premises procedures
1. Access rules
Each employee must follow the procedures for gaining entry to the premises, which include: When entering the office, checking in on a register and signing out when departing for the day, as well as wearing identification.
Visitors must sign in and receive a visiting pass by utilising the register.
These standards should be explained to new workers during their orientation so that they are aware that their safety will be ensured at all times.
Incident reporting
1. Workplace incidents
An Injury Incident Report must be completed whenever an incident happens in the workplace that results in an injury.
In the event of an injury or danger of injury at work, the first person on the scene should contact for aid, requesting assistance from the Health and Safety Representative and, if necessary, an ambulance.
If necessary, Injury Occurrence Reports will be utilised as the foundation for an enquiry into the incident.
All injuries should be recorded on the Injury Incidents Register as well.
All occurrences must be evaluated for dangers that might lead to a recurrence.
Risk assessment and hazard control
1. Identify and report hazards
Every employee has a responsibility to disclose dangers in the workplace as soon as they are discovered.
The Hazard Identification Report must be used to report any dangers.
The Hazard Register must be filled up for all documented risks.
Risk assessment
A risk assessment will be undertaken for all risks listed to establish the possibility of someone being exposed to the hazard and the consequences of that exposure. The purpose of the risk assessment is to determine:
What is the severity of the threat?
What action should be made to manage the risk if present control measures are ineffective?
What is the urgency of the situation?
Examine all relevant information about the threat, including any accessible data (including hazard reports, WHS legislation, Australian Standards, code of practise and personal experience).
When assessing the risk, utilise the Risk Rating Matrix to determine the following:
Likelihood
Consequences
Risk Level Rating – Critical, Major, Moderate, Minor, Insignificant
Risk rating matrix
    
    
    Likelihood
    
    
    Rare
    Unlikely
    Possible
    Likely
    Almost certain
    Consequences
    Catastrophic
    Moderate
    Moderate
    High
    Critical
    Critical
    
    Major
    Low
    Moderate
    Moderate
    High
    Critical
    
    Moderate
    Low
    Moderate
    Moderate
    Moderate
    High
    
    Minor
    Very Low
    Low
    Moderate
    Moderate
    Moderate
    
    Insignificant
    Very Low
    Very Low
    Low
    Low
    Moderate
Control risks and hazards
Hazards should be addressed in order of importance. Determine hazard control alternatives using the Hierarchy of Controls chart. This decides which controls are the most effective. Risk control strategies should always aim as high as possible in the hierarchy.
For dangers rated as Critical or High Risk, immediate action is necessary. This might involve the following:
Stoppage of work, process or activity
Isolation of the threat until a long-term remedy is found.
All dangers must be controlled to ensure that personnel and clients are not hurt, that they do not become ill, and that property and equipment are not damaged.
The Risk Management Register must be updated with any risks discovered throughout this procedure.
The Hazard Register must be filled up with hazards and their controls.
Working at home
The Supervisor should think about the overall type and needs of the employee's job obligations, as well as the employee's capacity to operate independently. A worker who demands constant supervision or engagement with co-workers may not be suited to the self-contained nature of a working from home situation.
· the home-based work site is a safe place to work;
· the work processes used at the home-based work site are safe;
· employees who work from home are given the training they need to do their jobs safely; and,
· All accidents are thoroughly examined, and dangers are effectively managed.
Fatigue management
Fatigue is a state of mental or physical fatigue that prevents a person from performing job safely and successfully. Fatigue can have a negative impact on workplace safety. Fatigue can be induced by work-related, non-work-related, or a mix of both reasons, and it can build up over time.
Fatigue can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
Work that is both mentally and physically demanding
• Staying awake for lengthy periods of time (i.e., long hours of work extended by long commuting times)
• Inadequate sleep quantity or quality (i.e., when on call)
• Regular night-time work
• Work requirements or reward systems (e.g., compensation, recognition, or promotion) that encourage employees to work longer and harder than is perhaps necessary.
• Inadequate work planning and scheduling.
What are the controls?
Ensure that employees are not obliged to work long hours by:
• Providing adequate coverage for employees on annual or sick leave;
• Planning for necessary overtime so that employees may plan their activities around it. Ensure that shift work rosters provide for appropriate sleep throughout the course of a 24-hour and seven-day period. Avoid workplace settings that encourage you to work long hours. Allow sufficient relaxation periods between shifts to allow personnel to recover (i.e., time needed for travelling, eating, sleeping and socialising).
How to tell if the controls are working:
Consult with employees and follow up on any concerns that arise.
• Conduct frequent audits to check that controls are effective and that employees are following them.
T2 PART C – DEVELOP WHS PROCEDURES
1. Draft a working from home procedure.
The procedure should be brief – one to two pages and address the following using the organisation’s Policy & Procedures Template. You can remove any parts that aren’t relevant, such as the Policy heading. The procedure must specify:
· Requirements for a home-based office (e.g. workstation, working space, technology, etc)
· Employer responsibilities
· A brief step-by-step procedure for applying to work at home
· Risk Assessment. Include a risk assessment of at least 10 common hazards that can be found working at home in an office environment using...