Assignment #1: Quantitative Analysis Topic: Comparing annual percent of Medicare enrollees having at least one ambulatory visit between B and W Develop an evaluative research question associated with...

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Please see attached files. I need an original Quantitative Analysis paper done for a set of data.


Assignment #1: Quantitative Analysis Topic: Comparing annual percent of Medicare enrollees having at least one ambulatory visit between B and W  Develop an evaluative research question associated with health care management issues, and propose a methodology that could lead to an improvement of health care delivery. For this assignment, students should choose data from the quantitative analysis below and are asked to analyze it using Excel. Students will develop an analysis report, in five main sections, including introduction, research method (research questions/objective, data set, research method, and analysis), results, conclusion and health policy recommendations. This is a 5-6-page individual project report. Here are the main steps for this assignment. Step 1: Students require to submit the topic using topic selection discussion forum by the end of week 1 and wait for instructor approval. Step 2: Develop the research question and Step 3:  Run the analysis using EXCEL (RStudio for BONUS points) and report the findings using the assignment instruction. The Report Structure: Start with the 1.Cover page (1 page, including running head). 2.Introduction Introduce the problem or topic being investigated. Include relevant background information, for example;   · Indicates why this is an issue or topic worth researching; · Highlight how others have researched this topic or issue (whether quantitatively or qualitatively), and · Specify how others have operationalized this concept and measured these phenomena Note: Introduction should not be more than one or two paragraphs 3.Research Question or Research Hypothesis What is the Research Question or Research Hypothesis? 4.Research Method Discuss the Research Methodology (in general). Describe the variable or variables that are being analyzed. Identify the statistical test you will select to analyze these data and explain why you chose this test.  Summarize your statistical alternative hypothesis. This section includes the following sub-sections: a)Describe the Dataset Example:  The primary source of data will be HOSPITAL COMPARE MEDICARE DATA (citation). This dataset provides information on hospital characteristics, such as: Number of staffed beds, ownership, system membership, staffing by nurses and non-clinical staff, teaching status, percentage of discharge for Medicare and Medicaid patients, and information regarding the availability of specialty and high-tech services, as well as Electronic Medical Record (EMR) use (Describe dataset in 2-3 lines, Google the dataset and find the related website to find more information about the data). Also, describe the sample size; for example, “The writer is using Medicare data-2013, this data includes 3000 obs. for all of the hospitals in the US.” b)Describe Variables Next, review the database you selected and select a variable or variables that are a “best-fit.”  That is, choose a variable that quantitatively measures the concept or concepts articulated in your research question or hypothesis.  Return to your previously stated Research Question or Hypothesis and evaluate it considering the variables you have selected.  c)Describe the Research Method for Analysis First, describe the research method as a general (e.g., this is a quantitative method and then explain about this method in about one paragraph. If you have this part in the introduction, you do not need to add here). Then, explain the statistical method you plan to use for your analysis (Refer to content in week 3 on Biostatistics for information on various statistical methods you can choose from). 5. Results Discuss your findings considering the following tips: ▪ Why you needed to see the distribution of data before any analysis (e.g., check for outliers, finding the best fit test; for example, if the data had not a normal distribution, you can’t use the parametric test, etc., so just add 1 or 2 sentences). ▪ Did you eliminate outliers? (Please write 1 or 2 sentences, if applicable). ▪ How many observations do you have in your database and how many for selected variables, report % of missing. ▪ When you are finished with this, go for the next steps: Present the results of your statistical analysis; include any relevant statistical information (summary tables, including N, mean, std. dev.). Make sure to completely and correctly name all your columns and rows, tables and variables. For this part you could have at least 1-2 tables and 1-2 figures (depending on your variables bar-chart, pi-chart, or scatter-plot), you can use a table like this: 6.Conclusion and Discussion Review your research questions or hypothesis.  How has your analysis informed this question or hypothesis?  Present your conclusion(s) from the results (presented above) and discuss the meaning of this conclusion(s) considering the research question or hypothesis presented in your introduction.    At the end of this section, add one or two sentences and discuss the limitations (including biases) associated with this analysis and any other statements you think are important in understanding the results of this analysis.  References Include a reference page listing the bibliographic information for all sources cited in this report. This information should be consistent with the requirements specified in the American Psychological Association (APA) format and style guide. Data County IDCounty nameTotal Medicare reimbursements per enrollee (Parts A and B) (2012)Hospital & skilled nursing facility reimbursements per enrollee (2012)Physician reimbursements per enrollee (2012)Outpatient facility reimbursements per enrollee (2012)Home health agency reimbursements per enrollee (2012)Hospice reimbursements per enrollee (2012)Durable medical equipment reimbursements per enrollee (2012)Number of Medicare beneficiaries (Part B eligible) (2012)Average annual percent of Medicare enrollees having at least one ambulatory visit to a primary care clinician (2012)Number of diabetic Medicare enrollees age 65-75 (2012)Average annual percent of diabetic Medicare enrollees age 65-75 having hemoglobin A1c test (2012)Average annual percent of diabetic Medicare enrollees age 65-75 having eye examination (2012)Average annual percent of diabetic Medicare enrollees age 65-75 having blood lipids (LDL-C) test (2012)Number of female Medicare enrollees age 67-69 (2012)Average percent of female Medicare enrollees age 67-69 having at least one mammogram over a two-year period (2012)Number of Medicare beneficiaries (Part A eligible) (2012)Discharges for ambulatory care sensitive conditions per 1,000 Medicare enrollees (2012) Medicare enrollees (2012)Age, sex & race-adjustedPrice, age, sex & race-adjustedAge, sex & race-adjustedPrice, age, sex & race-adjustedAge, sex & race-adjustedPrice, age, sex & race-adjustedAge, sex & race-adjustedPrice, age, sex & race-adjustedAge, sex & race-adjustedPrice, age, sex & race-adjustedAge, sex & race-adjustedPrice, age, sex & race-adjustedAge, sex & race-adjustedPrice, age, sex & race-adjustedOverallBlackWhiteOverallBlackWhiteOverallBlackWhiteOverallBlackWhiteOverallBlackWhiteOverallBlackWhiteOverallBlackWhiteOverallBlackWhiteOverallBlackWhiteOverallBlackWhite 1001AL-Autauga County4346890899393685432426422788128414124895474995783093064,4453744,07185.177.285.868910958084.680.785.369.160.670.782.075.283.33915233968.871.268.44,6883784,31079.775.880.3 1003AL-Baldwin County212348195950230213848263827961183135162172246954726125621,66880020,86882.878.983.22,4711372,33481.180.381.165.762.065.979.470.879.91,888891,79966.160.766.422,88383622,04751.455.350.5 1005AL-Barbour County29359015104143690446724342615135915686147176507742902883,0109092,10186.478.687.350421029485.787.184.768.767.669.485.785.286.130111119061.855.065.83,0889002,18886.979.399.9 1007AL-Bibb County1869977110825401046772437259114531563126913623724202752721,9231871,73684.179.084.53274728082.985.182.555.451.156.182.374.583.616261.72,0221901,83270.869.9 1009AL-Blount County45919198102813921462826472778110112106797455766683043024,72283.273586.166.981.538459.94,991374,95484.8 1011AL-Bullock County1037861799763922482124222558143016163063453564282322321,09471537978.670.682.62011475477.174.185.258.756.564.877.676.979.689612851.747.560.71,12771541268.487.6 1013AL-Butler County26999982113784053480623722464159718177949288089873503462,7478221,92588.086.186.445219126186.181.789.359.552.464.882.775.488.12247315160.353.463.62,7898111,978116.9138.1120.2 1015AL-Calhoun County1512098641140543045360277529501228135966673563176129028615,4371,75713,68084.180.684.32,2733821,89180.677.281.261.159.761.476.672.077.51,3631571,20657.052.257.616,3021,82914,47384.6102.283.6 1017AL-Chambers County4895773489483411415018952055136215403433924635512612595,0551,2543,80181.076.181.086627958785.787.185.056.655.956.980.878.182.147214632662.360.363.25,1861,2333,95366.766.571.7 1019AL-Cherokee County29629657108514455522025552674108312067959035857012682663,022902,93288.389.788.65312051191.790.091.859.188.790.088.629561.03,104913,01387.483.3 1021AL-Chilton 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County6151785293302797367724382622103311986437557328942542496,3047795,52585.482.085.495416479087.486.687.667.869.567.581.671.383.75507447664.970.364.16,5147945,72075.192.474.0 1033AL-Colbert County808791261068936004558263728581080121586610077078292702668,2201,0847,13687.086.586.61,4092661,14388.891.488.257.351.958.590.290.290.26909859267.075.565.58,3941,0957,29978.879.980.3 1035AL-Conecuh County18159284110374019521122312315139115987378615997373042981,8616051,25685.984.483.929413615871.871.372.251.049.352.574.172.875.31716710460.862.759.61,8895951,294154.2174.6162.9 1037AL-Coosa County145585369815283034162287245015201747546631111313543353301,4933311,16284.783.683.72045914584.384.784.156.954.257.968.657.673.1126279964.363.064.61,5423371,20572.691.271.9 1039AL-Covington County605690811062639094945255827061143130786410123684322532486,1225085,61487.783.188.192812780182.178.082.865.159.166.079.171.780.35255147464.662.764.86,2735055,768114.8120.8114.5 1041AL-Crenshaw 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Answered 6 days AfterJun 15, 2022

Answer To: Assignment #1: Quantitative Analysis Topic: Comparing annual percent of Medicare enrollees having at...

Atreye answered on Jun 22 2022
82 Votes
Comparison of annual ambulatory visits for Medicare enrolees
COMPARISON OF ANNUAL PERCENTAGE OF MEDICARE ENROLLEES HAVING AT LEAST ONE AMBULATORY VISIT BETWEEN BLACK AND WHITE
DATA ANALYSIS IN HEALTH CARE
Introduction:
There are large number of Medica
re beneficiaries who have at least one ambulatory visit to their primary care physician periodically.
In many researches, it is observed that since Black Medicare beneficiaries have limited access of care in many areas, so it is less likely for Black Medicare beneficiaries to have a doctor consultancy than White Medicare beneficiaries and besides that it is also proven that the various factors like poverty, economic situation, education are main reason or main key factors for health discrimination among Medicare beneficiaries of different races and ethnic groups. These drastically impact the eligibility for Medicare.
According to, Chartpack, (2020), Despite Medicare trying to reduce the disparities in medical care, it is still a problem, they state that although, life expectancy at age 65 has increased over time, however, it is still less for blacks than whites.
Lack of preventive care and diagnostic screenings, can be a big contributor to developing serious health conditions that are expensive and difficult to treat, these add up to an already existing health care costs crisis. Educating the population about the right issue is important, so that people understand the consequences of their choices. It would also help if health care is more readily accessible in black communities.
Research Question:
Let’s assume that the sample mean for Ambulatory Visits black and Ambulatory Visits white are and respectively.
The null and alternative hypothesis can be stated as below:
Null Hypothesis: There is no significant difference between black and white ambulatory
visits in all states or statistically it can be denoted as
Research Hypothesis: There is a significant difference between black and white
ambulatory visits for all states or statistically it can be denoted as
Research Method:
The data set which will be analysed is Medicare national database for 2012 data
which includes data for US hospitals from every state. Variables in the dataset are
the number of black and white Medicare beneficiaries, they are both numerical type.
The source of the dataset is The Dartmouth Atlas of Health Care, 2015. All the details are tabulated as below:
    Variables
    Definition
    Type
    Source
    Year
    Ambulatory Visits White
    Average annual percent of white Medicare...
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