Prepare an investigative written report relevant to ethics and professional code of conducts on the selected case study. The case study should be related to the IT/Engineering sector, or legal sector....

Failure Of Dam
For the selected case study discuss the following:
1. Describe the selected case study clearly in your words.
Ans. Refer to the previous incident has occurred because of the dam breaking or dam failure which incurred a huge loss and damage to the people. Like as Megat Dam Breaching (Philippines) incident. During Monson huge rainfall caused a heavy runoff by Typhoon Ulysse on Nov 12.2020. To save the DAM authority had to open seven gates to release the water. Other example was the conduit dam breaching. That dam was almost 100 years old. To release the water volume additional explosive were used on oct 28.2011. Incident took appximately 2 hour to release the excess water. This significant event was the milestone for the river routing and dam revamping.
2. Discuss ethics/code of conducts related to the selected case study.
Ans. The project selected for the research is real and it is a DAM infrastructure maintenance firm. Project name is not share because of the research’s ethics, to maintain the privacy of the participant. The principal investigator received ethics approval for this project from the Research Ethics Boards.
3. Discuss in your views what went wrong in the case study which resulted in the
accident/incident.
Ans. Dam failure is very critical event which can caused a huge loss either to the people or the concerning authority. In engineering term dam failure is known as the breaking or the failure of the dam by structurally or an error, which resulted an uncontrolled release of water from the reservoir through the spillways. This can be identified as four basic reason they are:
    a. overtopping - It can be happened because of the poor structural design of the spillway. As a result, reservoir stored a huge additional water than the actual design consideration.
b. structural defects – It can be caused because of the settling the dam foundation, damp slope envelope’s instability, excess uplift pressure and the seepage around the foundation structure.
c. piping and seepage failure – It can be caused because of the internal soil erosion especially along with the hydraulic structure.
d. conduit and valve failure – It can be happened because of the conduit or the valve failures.
4. Was any investigation conducted for this accident? If any, what investigation took place.
Ans. Yes.
Investigation was focused on the critical failure of the dam. It is generally identified as the uncontrolled release of the water from the reservoir via spillways. As result structural failures are evitable. Failure of the dam can be classified as small to catastrophic. It can potentially affect the human life and the assets at downstream. Failure of dam can be life threatening. The reason behind it, is when the dam commissioned, known as the “installations contain dangerous forces” under the international humanitarian law.
A failure of dam can cause an immense destruction to the human life and the assets on th downstream. Some research evident that a failure of dam can caused huge property damage especially when the flood water wrecked the infrastructures.
The life any dam get older, the potential threats exists for catastrophic incident is more. This can be identified as four basic reason they are: Overtopping - It can be happened because of the poor structural design of the spillway. As a result, reservoir stored a huge additional water than the actual design consideration. Structural defects – It can be caused because of the settling the dam foundation, damp slope envelope’s instability, excess uplift pressure and the seepage around the foundation structure. Piping and seepage failure – It can be caused because of the internal soil erosion especially along with the hydraulic structure. Conduit and valve failure – It can be happened because of the conduit or the valve failures.
Investigation research also found that dam failure can caused because of the natural disasters like tectonic plate movement, landslides, Typhoon etc.
5. What are the recommendations of this investigation?
Ans. Recommendation of this investigation are
1. Depends on the topography always check for the shallow water equations.
dh/dt + dq/dx = 0…………………………………….1
du/dt + u(du/dx) + g(dh/dx +d^d/dx) = 0 ……………2
du/dt + dq/dx +dp/dy = 0 …………………………….3
du/dt + u(du/dx) + g(dh/dx + d^d/dx) = 0 ……………4
dv/dt + v(dv/dy) + g(dh/dy + d^d/dy) = 0 …………….5
2. Ensure the leapfrog approach for one dimensional and two dimensional. Assuming the stability for one dimension and two dimensions are linear.
3. Ensure the peak flow prediction by froehlich’s analysis:
Qp = 0.607Vw0.295Hw1.24
4. Dam break dry simulation in two dimensional. It is assumed that 0<=x, y<=200 with spatial condition size ∆x = 1= ∆y and the CFL = 0.5
The primary condition is hydraulic height h = 10 on the upstream whereas zero at downstream. This simulation is known as dam break dry bed.
6. Give your analysis of the resulting outcome and relate them to the relevant industry sector’s ethics and professional code of conduct.
Ans. The project was world class, eco-friendly, sustainable and accessible infrastructure, hydraulic networks and maintenance services. Industries ethics and professional code of conduct’s are:
•    Provide professional services to Ministries/Departments in the design, execution, monitoring and supervision of Government infrastructural projects in compliance with established rules and regulations.
•    Preserve and maintain Government infrastructure.
•    Advise Ministries/Departments in the maintenance, repairs and disposal of hydraulic and water bound structures, plants and mechanical equipment...