Running Head: DRUG REHABS IN PRISON                        1
DRUG REHABS IN PRISON                                 3
PRISON-BASED DRUG TREATMENT PROGRAMS
(DRUG REHABS IN PRISON)
Table of Contents
Introduction    3
Synopsis of the Program    3
Empirical Studies    6
Article 1:    6
Article 2:    7
Article 3:    7
Conclusion    8
References    9
Introduction
The mental health illness among the prisoners is found mainly due to substance abuse, which arises out of over consumptions of drugs and alcohols, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, panic disorder, paranoia, personality disorder, attention disability and psychological and nervous disorders. Therefore, in this regard, the prison serves the important role in providing the long-term lock up facilities for all type of offenders who commit crimes (Prendergast, Hall & Wexler, 2003). Since drug usage increases criminal activities, several treatment programs are initiated in order to reduce the crime rate. This paper will study how prison-based drug treatment programs help the inmates to recover their mental as well physical illness thereby reducing the crime.
Synopsis of the Program
Before proceeding with the synopsis of the policies or the program related to prison-based drug addiction treatment for the inmates or the offenders, let us highlight some of the health outcomes of these prisoners after the consumption of drugs or alcohol. Over consumption of drugs, tobacco abuse and nutritional and immune deficiencies can lead to the oral health diseases such as dental caries, gum infections, glossitis, bacterial infections, oral thrush and tongue carcinoma.
As stated by Wildeman and Wang (2017), the physical health illness includes the chronic back pain, arthritis, glaucoma, osteoporosis, several infectious allergies, emphysema, liver disease, high blood pressure, heart disease, thyroid, stomach and intestine problems, cancer, tuberculosis, hepatitis, HIV/AIDS and many more. As per certain evidences most of the mental health disorder arises from the economic or financial crisis, revengeful attitude, frustration, addictive behaviors and as a result commit crime.
Therefore, in order to save these prisoners from committing crimes several policies and programs has been demonstrated, which substantially curb the recidivism. As mentioned by Kerrison (2017), the eight principles such as the need to enrich the motivation, matching with the offender’s trait and interventions, use of risk assessment, target intervention, cognitive behavioral therapy, targeting intervention, strengthening pre-social effect and attachment to the program principal can reduce the recidivism of offenders. As stated by Knight, Dwayne, Chatham and Camacho (1997), the Texas Commission on Alcohol and Drug abuse funded the Institute of Behavioral Research in Texan Christian University in order to conduct a comprehensive prison-based treatment assessment, which includes the study of Imprison Therapeutic Communities.
The therapeutic communities can help an offender from drug addiction and can motivate them to choose the right path in their life. In 1979, National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA) arranged a comprehensive survey of Drug Abuse Rehabilitation Programs (Drug Rehab Programs) in several prisons in United States (Office of Justice Programs, 2021). The survey recognized around 160 prisons treatment program serving around 10,000 offenders (Office of Justice Programs, 2021). In 1981, among these 49 programs were based...