Quantifying the uncertainty of sample estimates Read in the file anthropomorphy.csv containing measurements from a population. This file contain multiple measurements Take 10, 000 random sample of...

Quantifying the uncertainty of sample estimates

1. 
   

   Read in the file anthropomorphy.csv containing measurements from a population. This file contain multiple measurements

   
   


2. 
   

   Take 10, 000 random sample of size 15 (n=15) from the population, calculate the mean for head circumference ( the column HEAD_CIRC) for the sample and store as a vector

   
   


3. 
   

   Plot the sampling distribution of the mean as a histogram for n = 15

   
   


4. 
   

   Repeat steps b and c for n = 150.

   
   


5. 
   

   Using markdown text (outside of the code chunk) describe the effect of sample size on the sampling distribution of mean

   
   


6. 
   

   Write your own function that calculates standard error of the mean (SEM)

   
   
   
   
   1. 
      

      Calculate the SEM using your function for:

      
      
      
      
      1. 
         

         one sample of size n = 15

         
         
      
      
      2. 
         

         one sample of size n = 150

         
         
      
      
      
      
   
   
   
   


7. 
   

   Using markdown text (outside of the code chunk) describe the effect of sample size on the standard error of the mean.

   
   

Mendelian Inheritance and the Laws of Probability. Use R to calculate the following probabilities.

1. 
   

   Imagine a cross between two F1 diploid individuals heterozygous for three independently assorting traits (AaBbCc x AaBbCc).

   
   
   
   
   1. 
      

      What is the probability that they produce an offspring with the genotype AaBBCc?

      
      
   
   
   2. 
      

      What is the probability that one of their offspring has the dominant phenotype for all 3 traits?

      
      
   
   
   
   


2. 
   

   Imagine a cross between two F1 diploid individuals heterozygous for ten independently assorting Mendelian traits.

   
   
   
   
   1. 
      

      What is the probability of one of their progeny being homozygous recessive for all traits?

      
      
   
   
   2. 
      

      What is the probability of a progeny that is heterozygous for all traits?