Roles of Public Health
Discuss in 100 words or more some of the roles that public health plays in our society.
comp1_unit1b_lecture_slides.ppt Introduction to Healthcare and Public Health in the US Introduction and History of Modern Healthcare in the US Lecture b This material (Comp1_Unit1b) was developed by Oregon Health and Science University, funded by the Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology under Award Number IU24OC000015. Welcome to Introduction to Healthcare and Public Health in the US, Introduction and History of Modern Healthcare in the US This is Lecture b. The component, Introduction to Healthcare in the US, is a survey of how healthcare and public health are organized and services are delivered in the US. * Introduction and History of Modern Healthcare in the US Learning Objectives * Delineate key definitions in the healthcare domain (Lectures a, b, c, d) Explore components of healthcare delivery and healthcare systems (Lecture a) Define public health and review examples of improvements in public health (Lecture b) Discuss core values and paradigm shifts in US healthcare (Lecture c) Describe in overview terms, the technology used in the delivery and administration of healthcare (Lecture d) Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3.0/Spring 2012 Introduction to Healthcare and Public Health in the US Introduction and History of Modern Healthcare in the US Lecture b Introduction to Healthcare and Public Health in the US Introduction and History of Modern Healthcare in the US Lecture b The Objectives for Introduction and History of Modern Healthcare in the US, are to: Delineate key definitions in the healthcare domain (covered in lectures a, b, c and d) Explore components of healthcare delivery and healthcare systems (covered in lecture a) Define public health and review examples of improvements in public health (covered in lecture b) Discuss core values and paradigm shifts in US healthcare (covered in lecture c), and Describe in overview terms, the technology used in the delivery and administration of healthcare (covered in lecture d) * Public Health * Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3.0/Spring 2012 Introduction to Healthcare and Public Health in the US Introduction and History of Modern Healthcare in the US Lecture b “is the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals.“ (Winslow, C.E.A. 1920) Introduction to Healthcare and Public Health in the US Introduction and History of Modern Healthcare in the US Lecture b This lecture will provide a definition of public health and detail how public health has improved healthcare. According to Charles Edward Winslow, a famous American bacteriologist and public health expert in the first half of the 20th century, public health is the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations both public and private, communities, and individuals. * 10 Great Public Health Achievements – US, 1900-1999 Vaccination Motor-vehicle safety Safe workplaces Control of infectious diseases Decline in deaths from coronary heart disease and stroke Safer and healthier foods Healthier mothers and babies Family planning Fluoridation of drinking water Recognition of tobacco use as a health hazard * Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3.0/Spring 2012 Introduction to Healthcare and Public Health in the US Introduction and History of Modern Healthcare in the US Lecture b Introduction to Healthcare and Public Health in the US Introduction and History of Modern Healthcare in the US Lecture b So what are the ten great public health achievements in the United States this century? The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention lists them as: vaccination, motor vehicle safety, safe work places, control of infectious diseases, a decline in death from coronary heart disease and stroke, safer and healthier food, healthier mothers and babies, family planning, the fluoridation of drinking water, and the recognition of tobacco use as a health hazard. It’s interesting that each of these achievements requires large populations to actively shift the way they think about illnesses and act in a large-scale fashion to make changes in behavior in order to successfully implement public health improvement. It’s also interesting that though scientific advancements have spearheaded many of these achievements, public education remains a primary motivator of public health achievements. * Public Health Successes (continued) * Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3.0/Spring 2012 Introduction to Healthcare and Public Health in the US Introduction and History of Modern Healthcare in the US Lecture b Control of infectious diseases Example: Typhoid spread by ingesting contaminated food or water In 1891 the typhoid death rate in Chicago alone was 174 per 100,000 people Now only about 400 cases are seen in the US each year, most of whom originate when patients travel in developing countries Introduction to Healthcare and Public Health in the US Introduction and History of Modern Healthcare in the US