Answer To: Sample assessment tool -- Observation and demonstration checklist Knowledge questions Part A –...
Dr. Vidhya answered on Aug 14 2021
Sample assessment tool -- Observation and demonstration checklist
Knowledge questions
Part A – Descriptive questions
1. Make a list of six (6) common disorders and conditions for each of the following body systems or components of body systems. Two examples of diseases or conditions for each body systems or components of body systems is provided in column 3. Briefly describe each disease or condition including what changes occur in a person with the identified diseases or conditions.
Body systems or components of body systems
Six (6) common disorders and conditions for each of the following body systems or components of body systems
Description of the identified disorders and conditionsincluding what changes occur in a person with the identified disease or condition.
a. Musculoskeletal system
Common disorders and conditions:
Pain in muscles, stress, weakness, giddiness, lack of focus, movement issues and general disorder of strength
Osteoarthritis: It is the condition of weakness in bones.
Muscular dystrophy:
This occurs when muscles weaken over the course of time.
b. Skin
Common disorders and conditions:
Itching, pain, soreness, redness, dryness and cuts on skin.
Eczema: Redness and soreness of skin
Melanoma: Skin colour changes in this condition
c. Cardiovascular system
Common disorders and conditions:
Fatigue, giddiness, blurring of eyes, weakness, panting or shortness of breath, problems with daily routine and increased blood pressure
Myocardial infarction: The valve muscles grow weak to contain the pressure of blood.
Haemophilia: Swollen valves or having holes at times in the right ventricle
d. Respiratory system
Common disorders and conditions:
Shortness of breath, issues with walking or running, frequent coughing and sneezing, blockages in lungs or dilution
Emphysema: Damage in the walls of air sacks.
Pneumonia: Fluid fills in the air sacks and blocks the air passage
e. Gastrointestinal system
Common disorders and conditions:
Indigestion, pain in lower or upper abdomen, swollen liver or food bladder, issues or rashes in intestines, ulcers or cysts in the system
Appendicitis: Pain due to food blockage in the appendix
Irritable bowel syndrome: consistent problem with the bowel movement as it can happen anytime
Body systems or components of body systems
Six (6) common disorders and conditions for each of the following body systems or components of body systems
Description of the identified disorders and conditionsincluding what changes occur in a person with the identified disease or condition.
f. Ear
Common disorders and conditions:
Pain, lack of hearing ability, soreness, redness at the corner of ears, blockages due to wax collected, issues with body balance as well as problems in sleep
Acute otitis media: when middle ear, eardrum becomes infected.
Meniere’s disease: Problem with the inner ear leading to vertigo
g. Eye
Common disorders and conditions:
Itching, soreness, red rashes, sight issues, swollen eyes and issues with blinking, watery eyes.
Cataract: a condition of having blind spots in the eye due to filmy infection on retina.
Conjunctivitis: A kind of eye flue with redness and pain in eyes.
h. Nervous system
Common disorders and conditions:
Less or no functioning of nervous system, paralysis, sensory motor skills are weak, senses do not work properly and multiple organ failure.
Guillain-Barre syndrome: When immune system of the body works against the nervous system.
Meningitis: A kind of mind fever that leads to fatal conclusions.
i. Endocrine system
Common disorders and conditions:
Diabetes, growth hormones issues, thyroid issue, Cushing syndrome, Grave’s disease and issues with digestion.
Osteoporosis:
Weakness of bones increasing over the course of time.
Hypothyroidism: Not enough production of thyroid hormone in blood
j. Urinary system
Common disorders and conditions:
Infections of urinary tract, benign tumours, dehydration, prostate gland issue, kidney issues, post dialysis issues.
Diabetes insipidus: Imbalanced state of body fluids
Interstitial cystitis: pain during bladder pressure and at times, pain reaches to pelvic region.
k. Reproductive system
Common disorders and conditions:
· Endometriosis.
· Uterine Fibroids.
· Gynecologic Cancer.
· HIV/AIDS.
· Interstitial Cystitis.
· Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Endometriosis:
Inner lining based tissues of uterus grow outside of it and give pain.
Gonorrhea: STD form and it affects the warm and moist regions of the body.
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Pommerville, J. C. (2012). Alcamo's Fundamentals of Microbiology: Body systems edition. Jones & Bartlett Publishers.
2. What is incentive spirometry? How can incentive spirometry and peak flow assist in diagnosis of conditions and disorders?
It is more like the visual cues given to the patients with regard to enhance their flow and volume of air intake through external support. It helps in assessing what kind of issues exists in inhaling and how it can be resolved.
Reed, S. M., Bayly, W. M., & Sellon, D. C. (2017). Equine Internal Medicine-E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences.
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3. Identify and describe five (5) characteristics of critical thinking.
Critical thinking has five features namely, observation, analysis, making relevance, creating inference, curiosity and objectivity. It deals with the approach of having detailed analysis of the issue presented in the light of available facts and theories.
Jenkins, S. D. (2011). Cross-cultural perspectives on critical thinking. Journal of Nursing Education, 50(5), 268-274.
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4. Briefly describe the differences between critical thinking, creative thinking and problem-solving.
Critical thinking is the process of reaching to a conclusion through analysing something with facts sand theories, creative thinking involves new ideas and innovation and problem solving approach is guided by the principle of selecting the best alternative for some issue presented.
Saadé, R. G., Morin, D., & Thomas, J. D. (2012). Critical thinking in E-learning environments. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(5), 1608-1617.
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5. How can an ECG aid in the diagnosis of diseases and conditions affecting the heart? Outline the steps involved in recording a 12-lead ECG on an adult male patient for diagnostic purposes.
Use of electrocardiogram through ECG gives precise results about the condition of the heart. It is the record of electrical waves that pass through the heart to record the frequency of pulse and a 12 lead ECG can be helpful in enhancing the assessment of the issues in heart functioning.
Peritz, D. C., Howard, A., Ciocca, M., & Chung, E. H. (2015). Smartphone ECG aids real time diagnosis of palpitations in the competitive college...