Seventh Week/Seventh Module: Political Anthropology NOTES FOR CLASS ON POLITICAL ANTHROPOLOGY The importance of the scale of society: are we talking about small scale societies? Or large scale ones?...

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Seventh Week/Seventh Module: Political Anthropology



NOTES FOR CLASS ON POLITICAL ANTHROPOLOGY


The importance of the scale of society: are we talking about small scale societies? Or large scale ones?


Please, consider that there is an enormous diversity of societies in the world and so of political systems (or systems of social integration). If you think that those systems of social integration such assegmentary lineageare extinct, think twice and carefully read your textbook.


It is important to keep in mind the definitions so we know what we are talking about. Example: state, bands, tribes, lineages, persuasion, ideology, etc.


Perhaps the most important concept to guide this chapter isPOWER. Those of you who like reading, might want to read about the Italian thinkerAntonio Gramsci’s concept of HEGEMONY.


HEGEMONY: THE ABILITY OF A DOMINANT GROUP TO CREATECONSENTAND AGREEMENT WITHIN A POPULATION WITHOUTH THE USE OF THREAT OR FORCE.



A summary of definitions (from the textbook):


POWER: The ability to induce behavior of others in specified ways by means of coercion or the use or threat of physical force.


AUTHORITY: Ability of induce behavior in others by persuasion.


COERCION: Act of forcing others to do something that they don’t want to under the threat of use of force.


PERSUASION: The process of making somebody to do or to believe something without the use of force.


LEGITIMACY: Is the perception that an individual has a valid right to leadership.


DOMINANCE: The exercise of power and influence over others.


REINFORCEMENT: Consequences for compliance with the directive and laws of a society. They can be (A) Positive or rewards: medals, financial incentives, public recognition. (B) Negative: punishments, fines, imprisonment, death sentences. CARROTS OR STICKS.


Systems/Strategies used in tribes and chiefdoms to achieve social integration:


By occupation (gender division of labor); for example:https://www.iied.org/steering-gender-centre-blue-economy


-Sodalities


-Age sets and age grades/gender; gift giving, marriages.


Integration Through “Segmentary” Lineage:


Integration through Bachelor Associations and Men’s Houses


TO REFLECT:


What are the benefits and problems associated withstate-level political organizations?



Leadership: who is a good leader? Think about Health Issues like the management of COVID 19 by two different presidents, for example.






Discussion Questions on “Political Anthropology. Please, reflect on the following



1. In large communities, it can be difficult for people to feel a sense of connection or loyalty to people outside their immediate families. Choose one of the social-integration techniques used in tribes and chiefdoms and explain why it can successfully encourage solidarity between people. Can you identify similar systems for encouraging social integration in your own community?


2.Although state societies are efficient in organizing people and resources, they also are associated with many disadvantages, such as extreme disparities in wealth, use of force to keep people in line and harsh laws. Given these difficulties, why do you think the state has survived? Do you think human populations can develop alternative political organizations in the future?





Answered 1 days AfterOct 25, 2021

Answer To: Seventh Week/Seventh Module: Political Anthropology NOTES FOR CLASS ON POLITICAL ANTHROPOLOGY The...

Shubham answered on Oct 27 2021
101 Votes
Running Head: EARTH SCIENCE                                1
EARTH SCIENCE                                        4
EARTH SCIENCE
Table of Contents
Questio
n 1    3
Question 2    3
References    4
Question 1
Age grade and Age sets is one of the preferred social integration technique in social tribes which encourage solidarity between people. It is easy to get connected with similar age group and increase the healthy competition among them. The learning is supported and interpersonal relations are developed. Age grades are effective because people belonging to same grade perform similar duties and responsibilities.
For example, grade five students will share same curriculum and sports. Age sets consists of age grade and with every advancement they move ahead in that age set. For example as per Tiriki tribal society of Kenya there are seven age sets since birth to fifteen years of age. This age set further advances with Juma age as warriors, Mayima age as already warriors and after that elder warriors.
Now as per their age set they have different responsibilities to hold with. Juma take care of...
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