The University of Illinois Medical Center at Chicago defines pain as, “An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience, associated with actual or potential tissue damage or describe in terms of such...

The University of Illinois Medical Center at Chicago defines pain as, “An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience, associated with actual or potential tissue damage or describe in terms of such damage. Pain is always subjective.” Pain may be observed in the neonate as

A. Tachycardia, tachypnea, and crying B. Heart rate variability, deep and even respirations, and rapid eye movement C. Stable vital signs as neonates do not feel pain