1. In a clinical trial to study if an experiment drug can lower diastolic blood pressure, 780 participants suffering from Hi BP were randomly assigned to one of three groups. Over a one-month period,...

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1. In a clinical trial to study if an experiment drug can lower diastolic blood pressure, 780 participants suffering from Hi BP were randomly assigned to one of three groups. Over a one-month period, the first group received a low dosage of the experimental drug, the second group received a high dosage of the drug, and the third group received a placebo. Neither the patients nor those analyzing the results knew what type of treatment each patient received. The diastolic pressure (in mmHg) of each participant was measured at the beginning and at the end of the period and the change in blood pressure was recorded. a) Describe the 5 W’s and How. If the information is given, if the information is not given, stat that it is not specified. (6 marks) b) List the variables, indicate whether each variable is categorical or quantitative. If the variable is quantitative, give the units. (4 marks) 2. The five-number summary for midterm scores (number of points; the maximum possible score was 50 points)from an intro stat class is: MINQ1MedianQ3Max 16.5323943.548.5 a) Would you expect the mean midterm score of all students who took the midterm to be higher or lower than the median? (2 marks) b) Based on the five-number summary, are any of the midterm scores outliers? Explain (4 marks) 3. The National Sleep Foundation reported a moderately strong positive association between the number of hours of sleep a person gets and the person’s ability to listen, learn, and solve problems. a) Explain in the context of this problem what “positive association” means. (2 marks) b) Hoping to improve academic performance, a professor recommends allowing students to take a nap prior to taking midterms and finals. Discuss the professors’ recommendation. (4 marks) 4. A college’s job placement office collected data about student’s GPA and the salaries they earned in their first jobs after graduation. The correlation between the two variables was r=0.72. The association appeared to be linear in the scatter point. The regression equation was: Salary = 2,830 + 15,3000 GPA a. Interpret the slope in the context of the problem. (4 marks) b. You have just graduated with a GPA of 3.5 . What starting salary should you expect? (3 marks) c. What percentage of the variation in starting salaries is explained by the regression on GPA? (3 marks) 5. Administrators at a hospital are concerned about the possibility of drug abuse by people who work there. They decided to check on the extent of the problem by having a random sample of the employees undergo a drug test. a. Define the population and the parameter of interest in context. (3 marks) b. Describe a method that you would use to collect your sample. Make sure to name the sampling method you would use. (3 marks) c. There are four employee classifications: doctors, medical staff (nurses, technicians, etc. ) office staff, and support staff (custodians, maintenance, etc.). Describe how knowing about these classifications would modify your plan in part (b) and why. (4 marks) 6. Test on adverse reactions to a new drug yielded the results given in the table below: Treatment Drug Placebo Total Headaches 11 7 18 No Headaches 73 91 164 TOTAL 84 98 182 Is there evidence that reaction is independent of the type of treatment? Test an appropriate hypothesis at OC =0.05. Give statistical evidence to support your conclusion. (10 marks) You do not need to check the model assumptions. 7. Suppose the household incomes for Kamloops are normally distributed with mean $62,000 and standard deviation $6,800. a) If 50 households are randomly selected, find the probability that their mean household income is below $65,000. (6 marks) b) If households with the bottom 10% of incomes qualify for a special tax cut, what is the maximum income required to qualify for the tax cut? (4 marks) 8. A state’s department of education reports that 12% of the high school students in that state attend private high school. The state university wonders if the percentage is the same in their applicant pool. Admissions officers plan to check a random sample of the over 10,000 applications on file to estimate the percentage of students applying for admission who attend private schools. a. They select a random sample of 500 applications and find that 52 of those students attend private school. Check the conditions required for inference. (3 marks) b. Create the 95% confidence interval. (6 marks) c. Interpret the confidence interval in this context. ( 3 marks) d. Should the admissions officers conclude that the percentage of private school students in their applicant pool is lower than the statewide enrollment rate of 12%. Explain. (2 marks) 9. A consumer group was interested in comparing the operating time of a cordless toothbrushes manufactured by two different companies. Group member took random samples of 25 toothbrushes from Company A and 20 from Company B. Each was charged overnight and the number of hours of use before needing to be recharged was recorded. Company A toothbrushes operated for an average of 119.7 hours with a standard deviation of 1.74 hours; Company B toothbrushes operated for an average of 120.6 hours with a standard deviation of 1.72 hours. Do these samples indicate that Company B toothbrushes operate more hours on average than Company A toothbrushes? Test at a=0.05. (12 marks) You do not need to check the model assumptions. 10. A survey of an introductory statistics class asked students whether or not they ate breakfast the morning of the survey. The results are as follow: Breakfast Yes No Total Male 66 66 132 Female 125 74 199 Total 191 140 331 a. What is the probability that a randomly selected student is female? (2 marks) b. what is the probability that a randomly selected student is a female or ate breakfast? (3 marks) c. What is the probability that a randomly selected student is a female and did not eat breakfast? (2 marks) d. What is the probability that a randomly selected student is female, given that the student ate breakfast? (2.5 marks) e. What is the probability that a randomly selected student ate breakfast, given that the student is a female? (2.5 marks)
Answered Same DayJun 05, 2021

Answer To: 1. In a clinical trial to study if an experiment drug can lower diastolic blood pressure, 780...

Bolla V V Satyanarayana answered on Jun 16 2021
145 Votes
1)
In a clinical trial to study if an experimental drug can lower diastolic blood pressure, 780 participants suffering from high blood pressure were randomly assigned to one of three groups. Over a one-month period, the first group received a low dosage of the experimental drug, the second group received a high dosage of the drug, and the third group received a pl
acebo. Neither the patients nor those analyzing the results knew what type of treatment each patient received. The diastolic blood pressure (in mmHg) of each participant was measured at the beginning and at the end of the period and the change in blood pressure was recorded. 
a) Describe the 5 W’s and How, if the information is given. If the information is not given, state that it is not specified. (6 marks) 
The whole information is not given. Only specified the 780 participants and Number of groups.
b) List the variables. Indicate whether each variable is categorical or quantitative. If the variable is quantitative, give the units. (4 marks)
There are two are that are
Independent variable and Dependent variable
Answer is
Dependent variable: Distolic Blood Pressure
Independent variable: Dosage of Drug(There three dosage
One is High Dosage, Second one is Low Dosage and third one is Placebo)
The variable Quantitative variable because blood pressure was measured in mmHg
Units : mmHg
High Dosage Low Dosage Placebo
2. The National Sleep Foundation reported a moderately strong positive association between the number of hours of sleep a person gets and the person’s ability to listen, learn, and solve problems.
a) Explain in the context of this problem what “positive association” means. (2 marks)
Answer
Positive Association means it means positive correlation it means that the variables a deviation in the same direction. if one variable increase corresponding increase the other variable.if one variable decrease corresponding decrease the other variable
So the variable Number of hours of sleep and person’s ability to listen are deviated In the same direction. If the number of sleep of person get increase automatically increases ability of persons, person’s ability to listen, learn, and solve problems
Answer:
b) Hoping to improve academic performance, a professor recommends allowing students to take a nap prior to taking midterms and finals. Discuss the professors’ recommendation. (4 marks)
Acceding professor recommendation Increase the sleeping hours of a person and automatically increase the Person’s ability, learn and solve the problems.
3.
3.The five-number summary for midterm scores (number of points; the maximum possible score was 50 points) from an intro stats class is: 
    Min
    Q1
    Median
    Q3
    Max
    16.5
    32
    39
    43.5
    48.5
a) Would you expect the mean midterm score of all students who took the midterm to be higher or lower than the median? Explain. (2 marks) 
Answer: Midterm is be lower than the median
Because the data showed to skewed to the left
b) Based on the five-number summary, are any of the midterm scores outliers? Explain. (4 marks)
Lower Out Lier = Q1 – 1.5(Q3-Q1)
= 32 -1.5(4.35-32) = 14.5
Upper Outlier = Q3+1.5(Q3-Q1)
=43.5+1.5(43.5-32) =60.75
Minimum (16.5) and Maximum value(48.5) are lies between Lower ourtlier(14.5) and Upper Outlier(60.75).SoThere is no Outliers
4
A college’s job placement office collected data about students’ GPAs and the salaries they earned in their first jobs after graduation. The correlation between the two variables was r = 0.72. The association appeared to be linear in the scatterplot. The...
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