HCR4001
SOCIAL, POLITICAL & ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES IN HEALTHCARE
ESSAY ON IMPACT OF INTERNATIONAL AND CROSS-NATIONAL CHALLENGES IN CONTROL AS WELL AS MANAGEMENT OF HIV/AIDS
Table of Contents
Introduction    3
Cross National Challenges faced in Controlling HIV/AIDS    3
International Challenges faced in Controlling HIV/AIDS    4
Impact of National and International Challenges in Controlling and Managing HIV/AIDS    5
Success in Management and Control of HIV/AIDS    6
Aspects of Successfully Controlling and Managing the HIV/AIDS    7
Global Collaboration    7
Globalised Economy    8
Ethical Decision-Making    8
Accountability    8
Self-Awareness    8
Cultural Diversity    9
Action Plan    9
Conclusion    10
References    11
Introduction
National centre for health, US, says that any disease that starts exceeding a period of 3 months, it can be considered as chronic to the patient. In United Kingdom, there are over 500000 cases of patients suffering from chronic diseases. This rate is dependent on age, gender and professional background. Many socio-political challenges are also faced when there is fight against an epidemic and chronic disease. The Government of all nationalities are dedicated to make their nation fit and running on their toes. Many nations collaborate together in order to eradicate a common challenge that they face in terms of fighting against a disease that’s spread all over their environment. Social challenges occur when the common mass of a nation is either unaware of the precautions or they are ignorant towards it and its remedies. The most challenging chronic disease that the whole world is fighting against is HIV/AIDS.
Cross National Challenges faced in Controlling HIV/AIDS
When compared to other countries that are fighting against HIV/AIDS, UK had a relatively lesser amount of people suffering from the disease. In the year of 2015, only 0.16% out of the whole population was estimated to be suffering from HIV/AIDS. The numbers were approximately 1,01,2000 out of the entire population (Public Health England, 2018). Most number of the individuals were infected by the infection were close to 13% of 0.16% who belong from LGBTQ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer) community. This is a sexually transmitted disease (STDs), which is the most prevalent out of all. There are several ways were one could get their body fluids infected by this Human Influenza Virus (HIV) (Public Health England, 2018).
The number of Gay men, who initially were over expressed in terms of the infection rate among individuals, has come down in a good number in past two years. Mostly, the men in UK are found more infected than that of the number of women. Only 31% of 0.16% is women and the rest 69% are men who are infected from HIV/AIDS in United Kingdom (Public Health England, 2018). In the year of 2006, the number close to 56% of the individuals were diagnosed late when the virus could not be controlled and the patient becomes doomed to succumb to the disease and die a mortal before the certainty. When HIV/AIDS is diagnosed late, the chances of death are as close to ten times higher and it mostly occurs in a year or two. The first death in United Kingdom was observed in 1981 when a 49-year-old man died in a hospital of Brompton due to falling sick, courtesy HIV/AIDS (Public Health England, 2018).
Awareness has been one of the major issues in terms of losing to these diseases. Person due to lack of knowledge falls prey to these chronic diseases and sulk about it later without having any prior knowledge. In the year of 1987, a social campaign was driven by the British government that warned people about AIDS to be an epidemic where it is hard to tell who is infected with it. They made sure that the leaflet, that intended to educate people about this disease, was delivered to each house and they made their people aware of this inevitable devil, as AIDS is. The campaign was known as AIDS: ‘Do not die out of Ignorance’ (WHO, 2017).
Freddie mercury, a famous pop singer who was world renowned for his music was diagnosed of HIV/AIDS and died in 1991. That was such a loss to the music industry and to the nation to lose one of the greatest of the time who represented the British everywhere in the world, who died out of a chronic disease and was diagnosed very late that became one major reason for the nation’s loss. Several measures that are now available to suppress this virus in human body and to give an extended life to the patient but there are not enough interventions that assist enough amount of patients and help them come out of the depressive state of mind that they living with (Salas-Wright et al. 2015).
International Challenges faced in Controlling HIV/AIDS
Similarly, like UK, the USA has a number of people who were estimated to be infected by the same. A number close to 98000 individuals were diagnosed with HIV/AIDS in the year 2016 in USA, out of which most number of individuals came from the LGBTQ community (Public Health England, 2018). The major reason was found in among these individuals was social ignorance and homelessness. This leads them towards mental illness as well as where they kneel down to circumstances and commit mistakes or become victim of molestation and other social evils. The government of USA is taking very dedicated measures to bring down the rate of this disease among their people. The rate of infection is substantially lesser than that of previous years (WHO, 2017).
Around a drop of 26000 out of previous numbers were decreased from the rate of infection (WHO, 2017). Still a long way to go as AIDS needs to be identified, it will not show any unique symptoms, so as a fact the government of nations try to estimate as much as possible but still fails to claim a 100% success. Mostly the youth is understood to be the easy victim of HIV/AIDS in USA as they are more prone to trafficking and other influential causes. In a report produced by USA government, over 675000 people were reported dead out of infection of HIV/AIDS till the year 2016 (WHO, 2017).
The second largest populated nation of the world, India is a very crucial example to take in case of HIV/AIDS prevalence. In India, the biggest challenge is their population. These humongous pools of people that live in this country are abandoned from many comforts because of their number and have to struggle to lead a content life. Half of the population is below poverty line and many struggle to get the basic amenities such as water, shelter and electricity for their homes (World Bank, 2012). The...