A mixture of 40 mol% isopropanol in water is to be distilled at 1 atm by a simple batch distillation until 70 mol% of the charge has been vaporized (equilibrium data are given in Exercise...

NPTEL – Chemical – Mass Transfer Operation 1
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MODULE 5: DISTILLATION
LECTURE NO. 2
5.2. Distillation columns and their process calculations
There are many types of distillation columns each of which is designed to
perform specific types of separations. One way of classifying distillation column
type is to look at how they are operated. Based on operation, they are of two
types: batch or differential and continuous columns.
5.2.1. Batch or differential distillation columns and their process
calculation
In batch operation, the feed is introduced batch-wise to the column. That is, the
column is charged with a 'batch' and then the distillation process is carried out.
When the desired task is achieved, a next batch of feed is introduced. Consider a
binary mixture of components A (more volatile) and B (less volatile). The system
consists of a batch of liquid (fixed quantity) inside a kettle (or still) fitted with
heating element and a condenser to condense the vapor produced as shown in
Figure 5.7. The condensed vapor is known as the distillate. The distillate is
collected in a condensate receiver. The liquid remaining in the still is known as
the residual. The process is unsteady state. The...