Education and training for Nurses

Write a 1 page paper on the education and training, certification and licensure for a Nurse, Advanced Practice Nurse, Licensed Practice Nurse

Medical assistant, Medication Assistant. Include a starting salary for each one.

Make sure you cite your sources.

Component 2, Unit 3: The Culture of Health Care: Health Professionals-- The People in Health Care No audio. Recording preparation. Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 4.0 1 The Culture of Health Care Health Professionals—The People in Health Care Lecture b This material (Comp2 Unit 2) was developed by Oregon Health & Science University, funded by the Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology under Award Number IU24OC000015. This material was updated in 2016 by Bellevue College under Award Number 90WT0002. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/. Welcome to The Culture of Health Care: Health Professionals—The People in Health Care. This is Lecture b. The component, The Culture of Health Care, addresses job expectations in health care settings, the organization of patient care within a practice setting, privacy laws, and professional and ethical issues encountered in the workplace. 2 Health Professionals – The People in Health Care Learning Objectives Define terms used in health care and in health professionals’ education and training, including clinician, patient/consumer, disease, and syndrome. (Lecture a) Describe the education, training, certification, licensure, and roles of physicians, including those in primary care and other specialties. (Lecture a) Describe the education, training, certification, licensure, and roles of nurses, advanced practice nurses, licensed practical nurses, medical assistants, and medication aides. (Lecture b) Describe the education, training, certification, licensure, and roles of physician assistants, pharmacists, therapists, and allied health professionals. (Lecture c) Describe the education, training, certification, licensure, and roles of paramedics, emergency medical technicians, dental professionals, mental health professionals, and social workers. (Lecture c) 3 The objectives for Health Professionals—The People in Health Care are to: Define terms used in health care and in health professionals’ education and training, including clinician, patient/consumer, disease, and syndrome. Describe the education, training, certification, licensure, and roles of physicians, including those in primary care and other specialties. Describe the education, training, certification, licensure, and roles of nurses, advanced practice nurses, licensed practical nurses, medical assistants, and medication aides. Describe the education, training, certification, licensure, and roles of physician assistants, pharmacists, therapists, and allied health professionals. Describe the education, training, certification, licensure, and roles of paramedics, emergency medical technicians, dental professionals, mental health professionals, and social workers. 3 Nurses Education Diploma Associate’s degree Bachelor of science Bridge programs for RN to BSN Clinical training Part of the education process Additional training programs 4 This lecture describes the education, training, certification, licensure, and roles of nurses. There are several ways to become a registered nurse, or RN. Diploma programs were more common in the past and were usually two- to three-year programs that focused mostly on clinical skills. An associate’s degree in nursing is a two-year program with a similar clinical focus. The BSN, or bachelor of science degree in nursing, is the preferred degree program. It includes general study requirements (math, science, social sciences, and humanities) along with preclinical and clinical course work. Nurses with a diploma or an associate’s degree may be able to attain a BSN using a bridge program that allows them to apply credit for courses already taken. Advance nurse practitioner opportunities require a BSN along with additional study in the area of specialization. Also, most nursing administration positions require a BSN and may require a graduate-level degree such as a master’s degree in nursing. Clinical training is a part of all three types of training programs. It includes coursework to gain an understanding of clinical principles and clinical work in hospitals and other health care provider settings under direct supervision. New graduate entry-level nurses must work under the supervision of a licensed, experienced nurse until they obtain their state nursing license, which is achieved by passing an exam. Also, nurses may elect to specialize in their area of clinical practice, which is achieved through additional training programs provided by hospitals and other organizations. 4 Nurses Continued Certification Certification is not required for licensure, but nurse licensure is required for nurse certification programs Many specialty certification programs are available Licensure Requires successful completion of a accredited nursing school program NCLEX-RN 5 Formal certification is not required for most nurses at the RN or BSN level. However, many nursing certifications are offered in a variety of clinical specialty areas, such as cardiac medicine, emergency nursing, medical-surgical nursing, and pediatric nursing. Specialty certification may be obtained for work settings other than the hospital environment. For example, a hospice nurse often works in patients’ homes and may earn a certified hospice and palliative nurse (CHPN) certification through the hospice and palliative credentialing center. (Hospice nurses provide care for patients and their families with life-limiting illness or injury.) Specialty certification may also be obtained for nonclinical nursing roles. For example, the American Nurses Association offers certification in nursing informatics. Certification programs generally have prerequisites for eligibility and require participants to pass an exam. Licensure requires completion of an accredited program and passing the National Council Licensure Exam–Registered Nurse (NCLEX-RN [en-klecks-R-N]). The NCLEX-RN is a nationally administered test required by all states and the District of Columbia. It is administered by the National Council of State Boards of Nursing. Like physician licensure, specific requirements are determined by the states, and there is some opportunity for obtaining reciprocal licenses in other states. 5 Nursing Roles Provide direct patient care and coordinate care activities with other ancillary/allied health professionals based on physician orders and the patient’s plan of care Continuous patient assessment, monitoring, and planning of care Diagnostic tests and treatments Medication administration Patient and family education Emotional support 6 Nurses provide direct patient care and are responsible for coordinating patient care activities with other ancillary or allied health professionals based on physician orders and the patient’s plan of care. In the last decade, nursing assistants, medical assistants, or patient care associates have assumed much of the direct bedside patient care, such as obtaining vital signs and assisting patients with activities of daily living, such as eating, sleeping, and hygiene. These positions work under the supervision of nursing staff, freeing nurses to provide highly skilled care to more patients. Nursing duties include taking a medical history, starting and maintaining intravenous fluids, bedside laboratory testing, medication administration, wound care, and ongoing assessment and patient monitoring of physiological [fiz-ee-uh-loj-i-kuhl] parameters. Also, nurses have a prominent role in providing education and emotional support to patients and their families. 6 Specific Nursing Roles in a Hospital Setting Hospital medical-surgical nurse Care for patients with medical and surgical problems May obtain certification but not always required Specialized nursing roles Specific disease or specialty Diabetic nursing Emergency nursing Rehabilitation nursing Neurosurgery nursing 7 A significant amount of nursing care in hospitals occurs on medical-surgical units. In some hospitals, both medical and surgical patients are cared for in a single unit; other hospitals have separate units for these patients. Medical-surgical nurses may be certified, but certification is not required by most hospitals. There is an increased need for specialized nursing units or departments in larger and tertiary care hospitals. Nurses may elect to obtain additional training and education when working in these areas. Examples of specialized nursing roles include the following: Diabetic nursing plays a prominent role in the education of clients newly diagnosed with diabetes. Emergency nursing provides highly skilled care in emergency departments and trauma centers. Rehabilitation nursing focuses on patients recovering from serious injuries or illnesses that require specialized care in recovering activities of daily living. Neurosurgery nursing provides care to patients who have brain and/or spinal cord injury or disease. Many hospitals have evolved to become integrated delivery networks or systems with separate physical buildings on one campus or many buildings across a geographic location. This organizational arrangement enables the hospital to provide more services to a larger number of patients. The more common type of patient care services that are located in a separate building at a single location or across multiple locations include pediatric care, cardiac care, rehabilitation, and cancer care. 7 Specific Nursing Roles in Other Provider Settings Ambulatory care facilities Similar to hospital-based units Home health, hospice, patient’s medical home Medication administration, wound care, postoperative care, physical therapy Long-term care, nursing homes Provides constant care and assistance with activities of daily living Public health clinics Focus on population health with health promotion and disease prevention 8 Nurses serve a critical role in providing patient care not only in hospital settings but also in many other types of provider settings, such as physician offices, outpatient clinics, clients’ homes, and more. Nurses may choose to further their education with specialized training and/or certification for working in a non-hospital setting. A few examples of these other setting types include the following: Ambulatory care facilities such as walk-in (general care) clinics, outpatient surgery clinics, urgent care centers: Nursing roles are similar to those of their hospital counterparts. The main difference is that the patient is at the facility for a very short duration and will not stay overnight. Home health, hospice, patient’s medical home: Nurses provide care through daily or frequent visits to the patient’s home. Activities include medication administration, wound care, postoperative care, and physical therapy. Long-term care, nursing homes: Nurses provide care and/or assist the patient with routine activities of daily living. Public health clinics, community health facilities: The public health nurse provides screenings, disease surveillance, health promotion, and education. 8 Advanced Practice Nursing Nurse practitioner Education: Usually requires a master’s degree in nursing with specific clinical and diagnostic training Training: Programs include clinical training in physical diagnosis, managing acute and chronic disease, wellness care, and prescribing medication 9 Nurse practitioners are usually required to earn a master’s degree in nursing with specific clinical and diagnostic training. This includes training in physical diagnosis, managing acute and chronic disease, wellness care, and prescribing medication. 9 Advanced Practice Nursing Continued Nurse practitioner Certification: Most states require certification in their area of specialty Examples: Family nurse practitioner (FNP), pediatric nurse practitioner (PNP), geriatric nurse practitioner (GNP) Licensure States vary on the roles allowed to nurse practitioners, including prescription privileges and whether they may practice independently Roles Nurse practitioners function most often as primary care providers, including preventive, acute, and chronic care 10 Most states require certification for a nurse practitioner regardless of the specialty. Most practitioner specialties focus on a specific population. A few example are family nurse practitioner, pediatric nurse practitioner, and geriatric nurse practitioner. All