Chapter 2Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) Chapter 2Configure the Network Manually*Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course...

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Chapter 2 Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) Chapter 2 Configure the Network Manually * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Objectives Understand Linux Network Terms Set Up Network Devices with the ip Tools Save Device Settings to a Configuration File Set Up Routing with the ip Tool Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Objectives (continued) Save Routing Settings to a Configuration File Configure Host Name and Name Resolution Test the Network Connection with Command-Line Tools Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Understand Linux Network Terms Device Network adapter built into the system Link Used by command-line tool ip to refer to the connection of a device to the network Address IP address assigned to a device Broadcast Refers to the broadcast address of a network Route Path IP packet takes from source to destination host Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Set Up Network Devices with the ip Tool Command-line ip tool Changes the network card configuration Used to perform the following tasks Display the Current Network Configuration Change the Current Network Configuration Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Display the Current Network Configuration IP address setup Syntax ip address show Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Display the Current Network Configuration (continued) Device attributes Syntax ip link show Possible attributes UP, LOOPBACK BROADCAST, POINTOPOINT MULTICAST, PROMISC Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Display the Current Network Configuration (continued) Device statistics Syntax ip –s link show eth0 Information displayed Bytes, packets, errors Dropped, overrun, mcast Carrier, collsns, compressed Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Change the Current Network Configuration Assign an IP address to a device ip address add 10.0.0.2/24 brd + dev eth0 Verify assigned IP address ip address show dev eth0 Delete the IP address from a device ip address del 10.0.0.2 dev eth0 Change device attributes ip link set device attribute Enable/Disable a network device ip link set eth0 up/down Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Save Device Settings to a Configuration File Changes made with ip are temporary Network device configuration files Stored in directory /etc/sysconfig/network Filenames consist of ifcfg-eth-id-and the hardware address of the device (on OpenSUSE file names consist of ifcfg-eth-id) Set up a device with YaST first Then make changes in the configuration file ip link show Displays hardware address for each Ethernet device Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Configure a Device Statically Content of a configuration file example Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Configure a Device Dynamically with DHCP Set the BOOTPROTO option to dhcp BOOTPROTO=‘dhcp’ You don’t need to set any other options Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Start and Stop Configured Devices Disable device eth0 ifdown eth0 Enable device eth0 ifup eth0 Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Set Up Routing with the ip Tool Use ip tool to View the Routing Table Add Routes to the Routing Table Delete Routes from the Routing Table Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * View the Routing Table Syntax ip route show Routing table content varies Depending on the setup of your machine You have at least two entries One route to the local network to which the system is connected One route to the default gateway for all other packets Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Add Routes to the Routing Table Set a route to the locally connected network ip route add 10.0.0.0/24 dev eth0 Set a route to a different network ip route add 149.44.171.0/24 via 10.0.0.100 Set a default route ip route add default via 10.0.0.1 Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Delete Routes from the Routing Table Syntax ip route delete 149.44.171.0/24 dev eth0 Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Save Routing Settings to a Configuration File Routing settings made with the ip tool are temporary Routes configuration file /etc/sysconfig/network/routes Typical configuration file example Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Configure Host Name and Name Resolution Objectives Set the Host and Domain Name Configure Name Resolution Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Set the Host and Domain Name Host name is configured in the file /etc/HOSTNAME The content of the file is similar to the following: da2.digitalairlines.com Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Configure Name Resolution Name resolution is configured in the file /etc/resolv.conf Content of the file is similar to the following: search digitalairlines.com nameserver 10.0.0.1 nameserver 10.10.0.1 nameserver 10.0.10.1 File contains two types of entries search nameserver Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Test the Network Connection with Command-Line Tools Test network connection by doing the following: Use ping to Test Network Connections Use traceroute to Trace Network Packets Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Use ping to Test Network Connections Tool ping Checks network connections between two hosts Syntax ping 10.0.0.1 Information displayed The size of an ICMP datagram The IP address of the target system The sequence number of each datagram The TTL (time to live) of the datagram The Round Trip Time Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Use ping to Test Network Connections (continued) Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Use traceroute to Trace Network Packets Diagnosis tool traceroute Checks the routing between different networks Sends packets with an increasing TTL value to the destination host Syntax traceroute pluto.example.com Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Exercise 2-1 Configure the Network Connection Manually In this exercise, you will do the following: Part I: Note the Current Network Configuration Part II: Delete the Current Network Setup with YaST Part III: Configure the Network Manually Part IV: Save the Network Connection to Interface and Hardware Configuration Files Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Summary Hosts use network devices linked to the network To communicate with other computers Each network device has at least one IP address That may be configured using the ip command Network interface and IP information is stored in the /etc/sysconfig/network directory Different IP networks are connected via routers Each host contains a hostname Stored in the /etc/HOSTNAME file Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Summary (continued) Connect to network resources by name A host contains the addresses of up to three name servers in the /etc/resolv.conf file The ping and traceroute commands Use datagrams to test network communication and routing Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Chapter 3 Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) Chapter 3 Configure Network Services * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Objectives Configure a DNS Server Using BIND Configure an Apache Web Server Configure a Samba Server as a File Server Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Configure a DNS Server Using BIND Objectives Understand the Domain Name System Install and Configure the BIND Server Software Configure a Caching-Only DNS server Configure a Master Server for Your Domain Configure One or More Slave Servers Configure the Client Computers to Use the DNS Server Use Command-Line Tools to Query DNS Servers Find More Information About DNS Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Understand the Domain Name System How name resolution worked in the early days of the Internet Computers communicate using IP addresses For humans it is simpler to use a computer name Requires some kind of conversion File at the Network Information Centre (NIC) of the Stanford Research Institute in California Provided exactly this conversion In 1984, Paul Mockapetris created the Domain Name System (DNS) Guarantees unique computer names worldwide Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Understand the Domain Name System (continued) The Internet Domain Concept DNS consists of several domains that can be divided into subdomains Top level of this structure is the root domain There are over 13 computers worldwide That act as root name servers First layer beneath root domain contains the top level domains (TLDs) Fully qualified domain name (FQDN) Made from the actual computer name, the domain name, and the name of the TLD Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Understand the Domain Name System (continued) Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Understand the Domain Name System (continued) How Name Servers work Domains are administered locally Instead of using a global authority For each domain there is one DNS server Known as the master server Slave servers Distribute the load and serve as backups Keep a copy of the information on the master server Update this information at regular intervals This update is called zone transfer Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Understand the Domain Name System (continued) Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Understand the Domain Name System (continued) How to query DNS Resolver Makes a request to a DNS server Interprets the answer Sends back this information to the program that called it up DNS server receives a request from a resolver DNS server provides the required information to the resolver DNS server queries the responsible authority The data is stored in the cache of the DNS server Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Understand the Domain Name System (continued) Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Advanced SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Administration (Course 3038) * Install and Configure the BIND Server Software Install the following packages: bind bind-utils Start the server rcnamed start Stop a running server rcnamed stop Have DNS server start automatically insserv named Advanced