multiple choice need soonTEST 2 Brooklyn College Cosmology, Fall 2022 Prof. Kiefer ...

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multiple choice need soonTEST 2   		Brooklyn College Cosmology,  Fall 2022			Prof. Kiefer 		 Astronomy history,  Laws of Motion, Gravity, Light waves, Star brightness, Spectra Put answers on the separate answer sheet found separately on this Bb page. Copy, or print, or scan the answer sheet . Send it as an attachment to an email to David.Kiefer@Brooklyn.cuny.edu Send as a PDF (preferred), WORD DOCUMENT, or JPEG image. Don’t send this test sheet, nor your calculations, nor comments. Don’t select “READ ONLY” if that option is given when you send. You can use textbook, Powerpoint slides, notes, homework, and the internet. You cannot get help or give help to anyone. The work must be 100% yours and you will sign that this is true. Submit answer sheet by 6 PM, Sunday, November 7. Don’t discuss test with anyone until Tuesday. TRUE or FALSE?    Write “true” or “false” on the answer sheet. 1) If the moon was triple in mass than it is the force of attraction between Earth-and-moon would triple. 2) If the moon was triple the distance away than it is the force of attraction between Earth-and-moon  	   would be divided by three. 3) A force is not needed to keep a space rocket moving at 10,000 miles/hour 4) When a planet swings closer to the sun its speed decreases due to stronger gravity pull. 5) Radio waves, visible light, and X-rays are all a type of electromagnetic radiation. 6) The frequency of a water wave gives us its height. 7) If a new wave arrives on shore every two seconds, then its frequency is 2 Hz. 8) As white light passes through a prism, the longer wavelengths bend less than the shorter ones,  therteby forming the rainbow of colors. 9) The spectral lines of each element are distinctive to that element, whether we are looking at emission  or absorption lines. 10) Spectral lines are produced when an electron makes a transition from one energy state to another. 11) The Zeeman effect reveals the presence of strong magnetic fields by the splitting of spectral lines. 12) A broader spectral line, means the lower is the pressure of the stars gas that is creating it. 13) The larger the red shift, the faster the distant galaxy is rushing toward us 14.  A cooler star has more lines in its spectrum than does a hotter star. 15. Two stars have the same absolute magnitude, but one lies twice as far from Earth as the other.         It will appear to be half as bright. 16. A -1.0 magnitude star is dimmer than a +3.0 magnitude star. 	 17. At 1 yard a light’s brightness is 72 candlepower. It’s brightness at 4 yards will be 18 candlepower. MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS. Write letter on answer shee. 18) The speed of light in a vacuum is A) 300,000,000 m/sec   B) 768 km/hr     C) 186,000 miles/hr	    D) v = h(E)/c	E) not given 19) Which of these is the same for all forms of electromagnetic (E/M) radiation in a vacuum? A) amplitude	 	B) wavelength		C) frequency		D) velocity	E) photon energy 20) What two forms of electromagnetic (E-M) radiation passes best through Earth’s atmosphere? A) UV and IR waves.				 B )visible light and infrared waves.	 C) microwaves and long-wave radio waves.	 D) X-rays and gamma radiation.	 E) visible light and radio waves. 21) What is true in the above wave diagram A) The amplitude is 4 and the wavelength is 6.	B) The amplitude is 6 and the wavelength is 4. C) The amplitude is 8 and the wavelength is 6.	D) The amplitude is 4 and the wavelength is 12. E) The amplitude is 8 and the wavelength is 12. 22) What do infrared, ultraviolet, microwaves, gamma, X, visible, and radio waves have in common? A) Media and velocity		B) Frequency and wavelength		C) Amplitude D) Frequency and speed	E) Amplitude and wavelength 23) Jupiter is 12 AU from the sun. How many times dimmer is the sun seen from Jupiter than Earth? A) 12 times	B) 24 times	C) 93 times	   D) (93 x 12) times	    E) 144 times 		 24. Which situation does not require a net force on some object? A) Stay at a fast steady speed	B) Speed up C) Slow down			D) Change its direction	E) Go in a circle 25. If the masses of two objects are each doubled but the distance between them is increased five times then the new gravitational attraction force between them is changed by  A) 2/5		B) 4/5		C) 2/25	D)4/25		E) 20 times 26. A wave's velocity is the product of the A) frequency times the period of the wave.		B) period times the energy of the wave. C) amplitude times the frequency of the wave.	D) frequency times the wavelength of the wave. E) amplitude times the wavelength of the wave. 27. If a wave's frequency doubles, its wavelength A) is halved. B) is also doubled. C) is unchanged, as c is constant. D) is now 4× longer. E) becomes 16× longer. 28. What two forms of electromagnetic (E-M) radiation experience the least atmospheric opacity (absorption)? A) light and radio waves. B) light and infrared waves. C) microwaves and television waves. D) X and gamma radiation. E) ultraviolet and infrared waves. 29. The Sun's observed spectrum is A) a continuum with no lines, as in a rainbow. B) a continuum with emission lines. C) a continuum with absorption lines. D) absorption lines on a white background. E) emission lines on a black background. 30. These are the apparent magnitudes (m) of 5 stars. Which is dimmest?				 	A) -2		B) 0		C) 0.5		D) 5		E) 8 31. Which one of the following stars is the brightest at its surface (has the greatest L and M)? 		Star		m		d(pc) 		  A		10		5 		  B		5		15 		  C		5		10 		  D		5		5 		  E		100		1         [ Put star’s letter on answer sheet] 32. Which discovery did Galileo make using a telescope that finally killed the Geocentric view of Solar System? a) sun has spots			b) Jupiter has moons		c) Venus goes through phases d) milky way is densely packed area of stars				e) moon has geologic feature		 33. What does Kepler’s SECOND LAW say about a planet’s orbit.? A) ellipse  B) sweeps equal areas in equal times C) speed increases as distance increases D) sun is at F1 focus point E) eccentricity is often close to 0 Fill-in-the-Blank. Put a word or number on answer sheet. 34) A smooth spectrum containing all colors, such as a rainbow, is said to be __?__ 35) The common element with bright red, blue-green, and violet emission lines is __?__ 36. To convert from m to M we must know the star’s __?__ 37. A star’s absolute magnitude is the brightness we would see if it’s at ___?__ly away. 38/39. What is Kepler’s K (constant) for this data. Give the average as your answer. (2 point question) 	PLANET	a= average distance from 	T= period = time to go	 			sun in millions of km		once around the sun      	 	Venus			108				32 weeks 	Earth			150				52 weeks 	Mars			228				98 weeks 40. One sound wave has a frequency of 400 HZ and a wavelength of .85 m in air. What is its speed? 41. Another sound wave has an f of 600 Hz in air. What is its wavelength? 42. A star is discovered having a peak wavelength at 200 nm (in UV light). What’s its surface temperature in °K? 43. A star with an apparent magnitude (m) of 5.1 is 200 ly away. Its absolute magnitude (M) will be a) 5.1		b)  5.1	d) 1020	e) 205.1 44. A star has an absolute magnitude (M) of 10. It’s luminosity (compared to LSUN) is a)  1		c) 10		d)

TEST 2 Brooklyn College Cosmology, Fall 2022 Prof. Kiefer Astronomy history, Laws of Motion, Gravity, Light waves, Star brightness, Spectra Put answers on the separate answer sheet found separately on...

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