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1 Which of the following represents the thinking of a nefarious branch of deficit theory? A. If educators study the cultural gap and cultural background of their diverse students, they will lose focus on the core academic subjects they should focus on. B. Teachers are right to expect less from certain student groups based on generalizations about their cultures and psychology. C. The genetic and IQ deficiencies of certain groups are the root cause of academic underachievement. D. Teachers who focus on studying the cultural differences of diverse students will magnify their differences for the classroom instead of incorporating them. 2 Contributing to obesity, only A. 4 percent of elementary schools provide daily physical education. B. half of elementary schools provide daily physical education. C. a quarter of elementary schools provide daily physical education. D. 8 percent of elementary schools provide daily physical education. QUESTION 3 1. Discrimination against Asian Americans has taken the following forms EXCEPT A. compulsory ignorance laws. B. legislation limiting legal immigration to the U.S. C. forced relocation to internment camps. D. attacks by racist mobs. 2 points QUESTION 4 1. Multicultural educators that follow the approach called “teaching the culturally different” primarily advocate A. creating close links between school and home so that minority children can succeed academically. B. the promotion of different perspectives based on race, class, and culture. C. the promotion of cultural and racial understanding among different groups. D. the mobilization of students to actively address and work to remedy social problems. 2 points QUESTION 5 1. “Procedural due process” refers to A. the rights of bilingual students to select their language of instruction in an orderly and legal way. B. the steps taken to mainstream exceptional learners into regular classrooms. C. the rights of children with disabilities to be assessed, placed, and taught in highly structured classes. D. the rights of children with disabilities and their parents to have access to and input on school decisions. 2 points QUESTION 6 1. Which of the following is true of Professor Hacker’s views based on his parable about race? A. He feels that the very efforts to combat racial prejudice exacerbate the problem by bringing attention to it. B. He believes that most racial injustices can be solved through an infusion of funding to level the playing field. C. He considers the idea of racial privilege or discrimination to have faded to a degree that it is now mostly myth. D. He considers white privilege so commonplace that most of us are no longer able to see it. 2 points QUESTION 7 1. Which of the following is NOT considered by educational reformers to be among the best aspects of professional development programs? A. connecting directly to teachers’ work with students B. using a problem-solving approach C. reflecting research findings D. separating subject content from core teaching skills 2 points QUESTION 8 1. Teachers in industrialized European nations A. spend less time on professional development and collaboration on instructional issues than American teachers. B. have, on average, four to five times more time for professional development and collaboration on instructional issues than American teachers. C. spend time on collaborative action research projects instead of the traditional grading and lesson planning that American teachers do. D. are not given official time for activities like grading and lesson planning and must use their personal time after work for such preparation activities. 2 points QUESTION 9 1. Schools concerned about monitoring student progress may use objective-referenced tests that measure A. student performance compared to others in the nation. B. mastery over a designated body of knowledge. C. student reference and library skills. D. objective answers in math and science. 2 points QUESTION 10 1. It is illegal for prospective employers to question an applicant’s A. age. B. college grade point average. C. year of graduation. D. all of the above. 2 points QUESTION 11 1. Which statement is FALSE? A. Girls who have been physically or sexually abused are particularly at risk for suicide. B. Teachers should watch for signs of depression; depression often precedes suicide attempts. C. African Americans have the highest suicide rate of all racial and ethnic groups. D. Suicide is a leading cause of death among adolescents. 2 points QUESTION 12 1. The movement toward peer review reflects A. the movement toward greater teacher professionalism and autonomy. B. the influence of board certification upon teacher responsibilities. C. the success of collective bargaining. D. our better knowledge of how teachers learn. 2 points QUESTION 13 1. Which of the following statements accurately describes the nature of hiring of teachers and administrators and support staff? A. The number of American administrators and nonteaching support staff has more than doubled over the past three decades. B. American schools have been gradually reducing the number of administrators and nonteaching support staff compared to the number of teachers. C. European teachers are better able to focus on teaching and student relationships than American teachers because they have the support of more administrators and nonteaching support staff. D. The ratio of teaching faculty to administrators and nonteaching support staff has remained remarkably unchanged over the past fifty years in the United States. 2 points QUESTION 14 1. Teachers who demonstrate “withitness” are A. very punctual and well organized. B. able to tap into popular trends among students. C. aware of all students’ behavior in the classroom at all times. D. kept informed of the progress of former students. 2 points QUESTION 15 1. When a teacher’s private life is called into question by the courts, a governing principle that determines whether or not the teacher may be dismissed is often A. whether there is substantial disruption of the educational process. B. whether the teacher has kept careful notes of the offending behavior. C. whether the teacher’s actions in his or her private life are considered in poor taste. D. both whether there is substantial disruption of the educational process, and whether the teacher’s actions in his or her private life are considered in poor taste. 2 points QUESTION 16 1. The main point of the “saber-tooth curriculum” is that A. unless students have a key role in curriculum development, the curriculum cannot meet contemporary needs. B. unless teachers have a key role in curriculum development, the curriculum cannot meet contemporary needs. C. slavish devotion to the content of past times can result in a curriculum obsolete in the face of contemporary realities. D. as long as the basal reader dominates the curriculum, a truly individualized curriculum can never become a reality. 2 points QUESTION 17 1. Culturally responsive teaching proponent Gloria Ladson-Billings would most likely support all of the following EXCEPT A. students working at a community health clinic. B. encouraging students to rewrite out-of-date textbooks for the classroom. C. using one learning style to avoid student confusion. D. inviting an Indian storyteller to class to share Native mythology. 2 points QUESTION 18 1. Your school principal, parents, and faculty are concerned with declining student achievement. You are asked to serve on a committee intended to reverse that trend and increase student achievement, and so you review the research. Based on the research, which of the following four plans is most likely to improve academic performance over the long run? A. Lower the student-to-teacher ratio in each class to 18 to 1, in order to give the teacher more time to provide individualized instruction. B. Raise teacher salaries to enhance teacher satisfaction and standard of living. C. Focus on recruiting teachers to the faculty who have had a strong teacher education preparation and training. D. Focus on recruiting teachers to the faculty who are experienced teachers, veterans of at least fifteen years of classroom teaching. 2 points QUESTION 19 1. The number of school districts in the nation has been A. increasing. B. decreasing. C. unchanged for some years. D. replaced entirely by individual school building units (ISBUs). 2 points QUESTION 20 1. Latchkey children A. score higher on standardized tests. B. are generally from educated families. C. are left alone, on average, four hours per day. D. All these answers are correct. 2 points QUESTION 21 1. An examination of the history of school reform movements in the U.S. reveals A. little change in the basic goals for school over time. B. a consistent emphasis on raising standards and improving academic performance. C. a consistent emphasis on meeting the needs of diverse learners and raising self-esteem. D. that school goals tend to change to reflect the nation’s ever-changing priorities. 2 points QUESTION 22 1. Local school board members tend to be A. white, male, and middle or upper class. B. middle-class homemakers, about half of whom have been or are teachers. C. much more representative than most state legislatures, being fairly evenly divided between men and women, and representing all socioeconomic classes. D. too diverse politically, economically, and socially to make any general characterizations. 2 points QUESTION 23 1. Which statement best describes the use of corporal punishment in U.S. education? A. The Constitution outlaws corporal punishment as cruel and unusual punishment. B. Teachers are allowed to administer “paddlings” only to children under the age of 10. C. In Ingraham v. Wright, the Supreme Court prohibited corporal punishment in schools. D. Corporal punishment is legal in some states and prohibited in others. 2 points QUESTION 24 1. Sternberg describes gifted and talented students as A. exhibiting strengths in at least five of Gardner’s intelligences. B. having wisdom. C. scoring in the top 2 percent on standardized tests. D. displaying exceptionally high ability, creativity, and persistence. 2 points QUESTION 25 1. Sociologist Talcott Parsons’s investigation of the tracking system led to the conclusion that tracking is A. 90 percent accurate in assessing and