a double channel 2C8*18.5 is used as a tension member. the channels are bolted to a 1/2 inch gusset plate with 7/8 inch diameter bolts. the channels are A572 grde 50 steel and the gusset plate is a36...

ANSWER
LFRD was developed to improve the design's efficacy and safety. This approach is more accurate and effective because of the load combinations and safety factor that were applied.
RFD
It incorporates design using Ultimate calculated loads.
Since factored capacity exceeds factored forces in this situation, evaluate pressures and stress using the yielding material.
the safety factor...