Individual Research Essay – Topic Research, analyse, contrast, and compare, various contemporary performance measurement practices for middle-management and executives. Consider the body of literature...

ANALYSIS OF THE MIDDLE LEVEL AND THE EXECUTIVES IN AN ORGANIZATION
Table of Contents
Introduction    3
Hierarchical System in an Organization    3
Performance Measurement    4
Performance Measurement of the Middle Level Manager    6
Performance Measurement of the Executives or the Line Managers    7
Middle Level Managers versus Line Mangers    8
Conclusion    8
References    10
Introduction
In an organization the major the assets are the workforce of the organization. Hence the proper management of the workforce ensures that they perform in a proper manner and thus the organizational goals are achieved. In a large organization there is more number of employees, hence their proper management can be ensured at different levels of the organization. Therefore in an organizational hierarchy the management is divided into different sub levels such as top level management, middle level management and executive level management. In this article a detailed discussion will be done with respect to the functions and responsibilities of the middle level and the executive level management in an organization. Further the performance level of the manager will also be discussed with respect to the manner in which the manager manages the entire workforce and ensures that they deliver the optimal performance level to achieve the targeted organizational goals.
Hierarchical System in an Organization
Organization is complex because of the nature of the job performed and the number of workforce working in the organization. Bryndin (2017) have discussed that organizational hierarchy is the manner in which the structure of the organization is made using different levels of authority and that with a vertical link or a chain of command between the superior and the subordinate levels of the organization. Doval, Kamalaksha, Balakrishna and Verma (2019) have discussed regarding the job responsibilities each level of manager performers in the hierarchical system of the organization.
The Divisions of Hierarchy
The top level management are responsible for setting of the objectives for the organization which includes the policies and the rules in which the organization will function, the mission and vision and mission based on which the organization works and the goals that the organization wants to achieve. Based on the above responsibilities the top level management are responsible for making plans and the decision for the organization. Zhou, Wu and Yan (2017) have further discussed that middle level managers are responsible for following the orders provided by the top level management. The middle level managers are responsible for reporting to the top level management regarding their job and responsibilities that they perform. Further the middle level manager develops the plan based on the rules and job responsibilities appointed by the top level manager and implement the activities. Piot et al. (2018) have further discussed regarding the job responsibilities of the executives or the lower level manager. An executive or the first line manager is responsible for reporting to the middle level manager regarding the job and duties that he/ she or their team performs. They are the one who ensures that day to day activities are performed in a smooth manner and that too without any obstacles.
Performance Measurement
Performance measurement is one the managerial assessment system that shows the manner in which the manager performs their job in the organization. Purohit (2019) has discussed that performance can be judged base on the output that is being obtained through the manner in which the desired and the actual goal is achieved. The performance however can be termed with respect to the non-financial terms. The performance measurement of the manager thus helps the top level management to make the business strategy, structure of the organization and the future goals of the organization. A successful performance measurement contains a naturally set balanced set of organizational performance measurement. Javed, Syed and Javed (2018) have discussed that there are various characteristics of the performance measurement system. The generic purpose of the performance measurement is to measure the quality, cost and time. The organizational goals that are set by the top level management is often measured through the process of the performance measurement of the manager and thus it helps the management to understand their position. Peters, Wieder, Sutton and Wakefield (2016) have discussed that in the world of continuous update, there is new system and methods of work are coming. Similar kind of approach is seen with respect to the performance measurement where there are certain features which are considered as the outdated feature and that are no longer suitable with respect to the current scenario.
Performance Measurement Practices of the Middle Level Manager
Middle level managers of the organization are the most essential players with respect to the strategic renewal of the organization. Yu and Wang (2018) have discussed that the middle level managers are the link between the senior top management and the lower level or the line manager. Shibru, Biniso and Ousman (2017) have further discussed that the middle level manager generally divided into three main categories such as technical, human resource and the strategic level of the organization. In the technical aspect the middle level manager are in charge of facilitating the changes that are needed for the organization. These changes will ensure that an effective environment is created for a better work performance. The middle level managers who are involved in the human resource are the one who have the...