just compress into one page. use data sheet files
Refer to the dataset on Cougar Courses titled Final Paper Data for the following questions. Researchers interested in explaining the sources of unusual beliefs decided to examine belief in superstitions and belief in conspiracy theories. The researchers know these two types of beliefs are related but they wanted to know if they are caused by the same variables. They collected a dataset that examined belief in conspiracy theories, belief in superstitions (the dependent variables) as well as a number of predictor variables: income, age, education, intelligence, and feeling in control (the independent variables). See the Survey Variable Descriptions section below for more detailed descriptions of the variables.1. Analyze the provided variables using Pearson’s r to detect if there are any significant relationships. Report all correlations using the following matrix. Use an asterisk (*) to indicate if the correlation is significant. Describe the direction and strength of each relationship with the Conspiracy variable. Describe the direction and strength of each relationship with the Superstition variable. Table 1: Correlation Matrix Superstition - Conspiracy - Income - Age - Education - IQ - Life Control Superstition Conspiracy Income Age Education IQ 2. It might be the case that some of the apparent correlations are spurious. Use a partial correlation to see which of the five variables have a real relationship with the Conspiracy variable and the Superstition variable. Use the following table to report the partial correlations, using an asterisk to indicate which, if any, are significant. What do the partial correlations reveal? Table 2: Partial Correlations Table 2A: Partial Correlations with Superstition Income (controlling for Age, Education, IQ & Life Control) Age (controlling for Income, Education, IQ & Life Control) Education (controlling for Income, Age, IQ & Life Control) IQ (controlling for Income, Age, Education, & Life Control) Life Control (controlling for Income, Age, IQ & Education) Table 2B: Partial Correlations with Conspiracy Theories Income (controlling for Age, Education, IQ & Life Control) Age (controlling for Income, Education, IQ & Life Control) Education (controlling for Income, Age, IQ & Life Control) IQ (controlling for Income, Age, Education, & Life Control) Life Control (controlling for Income, Age, IQ & Education) 3. Based on the results of your partial correlation, you should have found one variable consistently is associated with Conspiracy Theories and one variable is consistently associated with Superstition. Conduct two regressions, one predicting Conspiracy Theories and one predicting Superstition. Use the predictor variable that you found was consistently associated with each. For example, if you found that Income was consistently associated with Superstition and Education was consistently associated with Conspiracy Theories you would conduct one regression finding the marginal impact of Income on Superstition and one regression finding the marginal impact of Education on Conspiracy Theories. Fill in the tables below with the results of each regression. Be sure to replace PREDICTOR with the name of the variable you used (Income, for example) Interpret the slope and intercept for each regression. Test the significance of the slope and report your decision. Table 3: Regression Table 3A: Predicting Conspiracy Theories Coefficient SE t p PREDICTOR intercept N = r-squared = Table 3B: Predicting Superstition Coefficient SE t p PREDICTOR intercept N = r-squared = 4. a) Based on the results of the partial correlation, are conspiracy theories and superstitions predicted by the same variables? Be sure to explain which variables do and don’t. b) Can we conclude what causes people to believe in superstitions? Can we conclude what causes people to believe in conspiracy theories? Why/why not? If not, what would be needed to make that conclusion? Researchers carried out two experiments to further understand what causes beliefs in superstitions and conspiracy theories. One experiment focused on superstitious beliefs and manipulated how education was provided. The other experiment measured conspiracy theory beliefs after manipulating feelings of control. For each experiment subjects were randomly assigned to one of three conditions. See the Experimental Manipulation Descriptions section below for more details on the variables. 5. Use ANOVA to see whether the experimental manipulation had an effect. Use the tables below to report the results of the ANOVAs. Specify the null and alternative hypotheses for each ANOVA. Describe your decision for each in a sentence. Table 4. ANOVA Results of Conspiracy Experiment Source SS df MS F Between Within Total Table 5. ANOVA Results of Superstition Experiment Source SS df MS F Between Within Total 6. a) Enter the means and standard deviations from each Superstition Experiment condition in the table below. Table 6A. Superstition Experiment Means Mean SD Condition 1 Condition 2 Condition 3 b) Enter the means and standard deviations from each Conspiracy Experiment condition in the table below. Table 6B. Conspiracy Experiment Means Mean SD Condition 1 Condition 2 Condition 3 7. If the ANOVA is significant, conduct both Tukey’s HSD and the Scheffe test, using alpha = .01, to find which treatment groups are significantly different. Use the table below to report the Tukey’s HSD results, using an asterisk (*) to indicate which differences are significantly different. Describe any differences between the Tukey’s and Scheffe results. Table 7: Mean Differences & Tukey’s HSD for Conspiracy Experiment Condition 1 0 Condition 2 0 Condition 3 0 Condition 1 Condition 2 Condition 3 Table 8: Mean Differences & Tukey’s HSD for Superstition Experiment Condition 1 0 Condition 2 0 Condition 3 0 Condition 1 Condition 2 Condition 3 8. a) Based on these results make a conclusion about the effect of each experiment. What, if anything, appears to affect belief in conspiracy theories? Belief in superstitions b) If we wanted to reducnumber of people who believe in conspiracy theories in the general population, how might we go about doing that (based on the results)?