1 Assessment Brief Assessment Brief_L5_SDB_2022/23 Read this assessment brief carefully, it tells you how you are going to be assessed, how to submit your assessment on-time...

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Topic -use of stem cells and IPS in a diseases model ( you can select ANY disease model).


1 Assessment Brief Assessment Brief_L5_SDB_2022/23 Read this assessment brief carefully, it tells you how you are going to be assessed, how to submit your assessment on-time and how (and when) you’ll receive your marks and feedback. Module Code ASC_5_SDB_2023 Module Title Stem Cell and Developmental Biology Lecturer Alison Alvarez and Valentina Caputo % of Module Mark 50% Distributed [26/09/2022] Submission Method Submit online via this Module’s Moodle site Submission Deadline CW1 (25%) 13.12.22 23:59pm CW2 (25%) 10.01.23 10 am-17 pm Release of Feedback Feedback will be available online from [18/01/23] Release of Marks Provisional marks will be available in Moodle from 18.01.23 Assessment: Part A: Group Research Review. Topic to be chosen by the group (Self-elected 4 students). The mark will be for the whole group Part B: Presentation of the research work by Poster and an oral presentation. Students will be marked individually. The final mark of assessment will be the average between 2 marks. 2 Assessment Details: Assessment of your work will consider A. content and the quality of your scientific writing. You have an opportunity to apply the subject knowledge that you have acquired and reinforced during this semester. This will be assessed according to the following strands: 1. Research Systematic identification and use of academic and relevant resources 2. Subject Knowledge Understanding and application of subject knowledge. Contribution to subject debate by updated research B. the quality of your scientific writing Structure, quality and clarity of argument, coherence, use of evidential support and referencing, spelling, grammar and punctuation. This will be assessed according to the following strands: 7. Communication and Presentation Clear intention in communication. Audience needs are predicted and met. Presentation format is used skillfully. Work is well structured. 8. Academic Integrity Acknowledges and gives credit to the work of others follows the conventions and practices of the discipline including appropriate use of referencing standards for discipline. 3 Type: Group Research Review, poster and oral presentation Resources: Suggested core textbooks detailed on the course guide. Coursework Part A resources page, scientific literature (PUBMED) Coursework Part B resources page, scientific drawing (BioRender) Word Count: Part A: Research Review- As a guide, aim for 3000 words. The maximum word limit is 3300 words, minimum 2700 words References, tables and appendixes will not count towards word count totals If the total word limit is exceeded, a 5% penalty for every 100 words over will be applied to the overall mark. Part B- Poster- A1 or A0. All the group members should be able to present/explain the poster to public and peers. The group should bring the printed poster to the oral presentation session. Oral presentation: each team member will present part of the work for 5 min. All the team members should answer questions. Presentation: Part A  The research review must contain: Short abstract (summary of the review) Introduction (definition of the main subject). Set the scene. Brief story of the topic. What was discover and when Main advances/milestones. Controversies or public perception Future directions. Personal perspectives  Work must have figures, graphs and tables to help explain concepts and summarize information  Work must be referenced  Work must be submitted as a Word document (.doc/docx)  Course work must be submitted using Arial font size 11 (or larger if you need to), with a minimum of 1.5 line spacing 4  Your student’s numbers must appear at the front of the coursework. Your name must not be on your coursework. Part B  Poster and presentation slides must be referenced  Poster and presentation slides must be submitted as a PowerPoint document (.ppt) Referencing: Harvard Referencing should be used, see your Library Subject Guide for guides and tips on referencing. Regulations: Make sure you understand the University Regulations on expected academic practice and academic misconduct. Note in particular: ▪ Your work must be your own. Markers will be attentive to both the plausibility of the sources provided as well as the consistency and approach to writing of the work. Simply, if you do the research and reading, and then write it up on your own, giving the reference to sources, you will approach the work in the appropriate way and will cause not give markers reason to question the authenticity of the work. ▪ All quotations must be credited and properly referenced. Paraphrasing is still regarded as plagiarism if you fail to acknowledge the source for the ideas being expressed. TURNITIN: When you upload your work to the Moodle site it will be checked by anti-plagiarism software. 15% Turnitin score is the maximum allowed. Learning Outcomes This assessment will fully or partially assess the following learning outcomes for this module. Knowledge and Understanding Develop understanding of advanced concepts in cellular and developmental biology. Current and potential uses of stem cells in therapy Intellectual Skills https://libguides.lsbu.ac.uk/subjects/home https://libguides.lsbu.ac.uk/subjects/home http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/84347/academic-regulations.pdf 5 Explain the fundamental principles, techniques and applications of stem cell research Transferable Skills • Develop skills in research and critical scientific writing and oral communication Assessment Criteria and Weighting LSBU marking criteria have been developed to help tutors give you clear and helpful feedback on your work. They will be applied to your work to help you understand what you have accomplished, how any mark given was arrived at, and how you can improve your work in future. PART A: Research Review Criteria Feedforward comments 100-80% 79-70% 69-60% 59-50% 49-40% 39-30% 29-0% 7 0 % 2. Subject Knowledge Understanding and application of subject knowledge. Contribution to subject debate. Shows sustained breadth, accuracy and detail in understanding key aspects of subject. Contributes to subject debate. Awareness of ambiguities and limitations of knowledge. Shows breadth, accuracy and detail in understanding key aspects of subject. Contributes to subject debate. Some awareness of ambiguities and limitations of knowledge. Accurate and extensive understanding of key aspects of subject. Evidence of coherent knowledge. Accurate understandin g of key aspects of subject. Evidence of coherent knowledge. Understanding of key aspects of subject. Some evidence of coherent knowledge. Some evidence of superficial understanding of subject. Inaccuracies. Little or no evidence of understandin g of subject. Inaccuracies. 3 0 % 7. Communicatio n and Presentation Clear intention in communication. Audience needs are predicted and met. Presentation format is used skilfully. Work is well structured. Communication is entirely clear, persuasive and compelling with very skilful use of the presentation format. Presentation addresses fully the needs of the audience. Communication is clear, persuasive and compelling with very skilful use of the presentation format. Presentation addresses fully the needs of the audience. Communication is clear, mostly persuasive and compelling with skilful use of the presentation format. Presentation addresses the needs of the audience. Communicati on is clear, with skilful use of the presentation format. Presentation takes into account the needs of the audience. Communicatio n is mostly clear and presentation format is adequate. Presentation may sometimes not take into account the needs of the audience. Communicatio n is unclear because presentation format is not used adequately and/or the needs of the audience are not taken into account. Communicati on is very unclear because presentation format is not used adequately, and the needs of the audience are not taken into account. 6 Breakdown of criteria: Quality Exceeds Expectations (4) Meets Expectations (3) Acceptable (2) Unacceptable (1) Content (70%) Explanation of significance (15%) Present, correct, complete. Writing is dynamic, and engages ready attention Present, adequately complete, correct. Explanation is well written, contains basic info. Present, somewhat incomplete, some errors. Contains necessary info, but awkward. Not present or very limited, or major errors. Significance of research is lost. Summary of research findings (30%) Main conclusions, supporting and evidence are fully explained and are correct interpretations of the paper Main conclusions, supporting evidence are adequately explained, and mostly correct with no or minor technical errors in interpretation. Main conclusions and supporting evidence are partially explained, or have some incorrect interpretations. Main conclusions and supportive evidence are minimally explained, or there are some major errors in interpretation. Inclusion of background information (10%) Relevant background is fully included and is correct Relevant background information is present at adequate levels, and is correct Relevant background information is insufficient, or moderately incorrect. Relevant background information is missing or highly incorrect Explanation of figure/graph/ table (15%) Strong choice of figure, is fully explained, and is a correct interpretation Reasonable choice of figure, is adequately explained, and is a correct interpretation with no or minor technical errors Reasonable choice of figure, is partially explained, and has some incorrect interpretations No figure given, or minimal/no explanation. May have major errors in interpretation. Format and style (30%) References and use of direct quotations (10%) In-text Harvard style citations are used correctly where required. No more than two quotations are used. In-text Harvard style citations are used correctly where required, with no more than two minor formatting errors. No more than two quotations are used. In-text citations are used where required, in an incorrect style; and/or, three quotations are used. Outside material/information is not cited; and/or more than four quotations are used. Structure (5%) Between 725 and 775 words, with correct margins and font. Written in clear paragraphs, structured in inverted pyramid format. Between 725 and 775 words, with minor errors in margins or font. Written in clear paragraphs, structured in inverted pyramid format. More than 775 words or less than 725 words. Errors in margins, font, and/or paragraph structure. Inverted pyramid elements are present, but not in correct order. More than 825 or less than 675 words. Errors in margins, font, /or and paragraph structure. Lacks any organizational structure. Essential information is lost. Language level and clarity (10%) Always comprehensible without having to refer to original paper or other sources; any specialized vocabulary is defined and necessary; language is neither too technical nor too simple. Almost always comprehensible without having to refer to original paper or other sources; any specialized vocabulary is defined and necessary; language is occasionally too technical or too simple. Sometimes comprehensible without having to refer to original paper or other sources; unnecessary specialized vocabulary is used; language is somewhat too technical or too simple. Largely incomprehensible; cannot be understood without having to refer to original paper or other sources; vocabulary is either highly technical or highly simplified. Spelling/ Grammar (5%) No errors in spelling or grammar; all acronyms are defined. Two or fewer
Answered 1 days AfterDec 12, 2022

Answer To: 1 Assessment Brief Assessment Brief_L5_SDB_2022/23 Read this assessment...

Dr Insiyah R. answered on Dec 13 2022
30 Votes
Introduction    1
Conclusion    8
Reference    8
Introduction
A stem cell is a developmental biology term for an unspecialised cell that may divide indefinitely and differentiate into the specialised cells that make up the body's organs and tissues by activating or inactivating a number of genes. Many scientists believed literature on human stem cells had extraordinary promise for advancing biological understanding and treating a wide range of diseases at the start of the twenty-first century (Ang et al,2018). Research involving stem cells is helping us understand how animals grow from a single cell, including how healthy cells repair damaged ones in a
dult creatures. One of the most exciting areas of modern biology is stem cell research, but like many branches of science still developing, it raises more questions than answers.
Main advances/milestones.
What distinguishing characteristics do all stem cells share? Unlike other types of cells in the body, stem cells are unique. Regardless of their origin, all stem cells share three characteristics: they can divide and regenerate themselves for extended periods; they are unspecialised, and they can develop into different specialised cell types. Stem cells may reproduce several times, unlike muscle, blood, or nerve cells, which do not often do so (Ang et al,2018). Millions of cells may be produced from a beginning community of stem cells that grow over several months in the lab. The cells are thought to be capable of long-term self-renewal if they continue to be unspecialised such as the parent stem cells. Stem cells come in various forms, including adult, embryonic, and induced undifferentiated. I'll go through each one's advantages and disadvantages in brief. Adult stem cells are now thought to be less likely to cause transplant-related rejection. This is due to the possibility of growing a patient's cells in culture, encouraging them to take on certain types of cells, and then reintroducing them into the patient (Jiang and Xu,2020).
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) hold promise in various scientific fields, particularly in diagnosing diseases. A potentially infinite supply of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) allows for the expansion, differentiation, and analysis of afflicted human cells without using an additional animal model (Shahbazi et al,2019). This is accomplished by converting donated somatic cells with disease morphology. The identification of disease pathways can be accelerated by using physiologically appropriate cellular models. It has been established that genome editing in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is a highly efficient method for creating disease models for both monogenic and complicated genetic illnesses. Researchers may explore how diseases impact certain cell types using iPSCs as disease models. The high level of patient-to-patient heterogeneity introduced by isogenic illness models that contrast healthy donor cells with sick donor cells might skew the outcomes of experiments. Modern genome editing techniques like CRISPR, Cas9, and TALEN systems now make it possible to create human isogenic controls with lower variability, which can assist in reducing these issues. By removing the genetic heterogeneity from patient to patient, the capacity to design cells produces clear advantages that result in more consistent phenotypes with each trial (Liu et al,2020).
Although it is unknown whether the cells can colonise every tissue in a human embryo, it is assumed, based on the other characteristics, that they are pluripotent cells. As a result, they are viewed as a potential source of specialised cells for cell therapy, which involves replacing a patient's malfunctioning cell type with healthy cells. It is possible to create large numbers of cells from embryonic stem cells for cell transplantation, including dopamine-secreting neurones for the treatment of Parkinson's disease and insulin-secreting pancreatic beta lymphocytes for the treatment of diabetes (Berg et al,2019).
Within two weeks of the damage, patients' bone marrow liquid was collected, and mesenchymal stem cells were isolated and multiplied in great quantities. Within 54 days following the injury, the patient received the preparation injection intravenously. The study showed that given stem cells collected in the spinal cord's damaged regions and stimulated tissue regeneration.
Keratinocytes are a kind of cell found in layers of the skin's epidermis. Only the cells in the basal layer, which is located near the dermis, may divide. Though the bulk of these cells is transit amplifying cells, some are stem cells (Gowen et al,2020). As they mature, the keratinocytes slowly protrude through the epidermis before dying and being shed off at the skin's surface. Small pits called crypts and projections called villi are formed by the small intestine's epithelium. The stem cells are found close to the base of each crypt, whereas the dividing cells are found inside the crypts. Continuous cell production occurs in the crypts, where they go to the villi and are finally shed into the gut lumen.
Hematopoietic stem cells are found in the bone marrow, which gives rise to all blood and immune system cell types. In smaller amounts in peripheral blood and higher concentrations in umbilical cord blood, hematopoietic stem cells can also be identified. Hematopoietic stem cells are attached to blood arteries and osteoblasts of trabecular in the bone marrow (Chaicharoenaudomrung, Kunhorm and Noise,2019). They produce offspring that, depending on the ratio of growth factors in their immediate surroundings, can develop into lymphocytes, red blood cells, granulocytes and a few other types of cells.
Animal experiments have demonstrated that hematopoietic stem cell transplants can occasionally colonise other organs, resulting in the transplanted cells developing into neurones, muscle cells, or endothelium (McQuade et al,2018). It is scarce for engraftment hematopoietic stem cells to colonise other organs successfully. Despite this, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is being investigated as a treatment for ailments such as autoimmune diseases and heart disease. It is a particularly alluring alternative for people who are against the usage of stem cells.
The immune system would be less likely to reject the adult stem cells if they were used, as would tissues made from the patient's adult stem cells. Advantages: Success has already been shown in several clinical applications, and it is anticipated to be less susceptible to...
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