Hi there, I need your help with the Midterm for OPER1160- Introduction to supply chain and Operations Management. It's due on Oct 18, 2022, at 7 pm Canadian Time, and I will be required to stay online while I am doing midterm, but it will not be necessary to have a video on which can help me. So, I need your assistance while I am completing my midterm. I am open to using WhatsApp for accessible communication when I am writing my midterm, and also, it will be easy for me to take pictures of the questions, and then expect your answers. I am attaching below what you need to know to prepare for this midterm:
Midterm
- Next week during class-time
- Password will be provided at the start of the class (7:00 PM)
- The last possible start time is 7:30 PM
- 100 minutes
- Multiple choice, short answer, applied learning
Review
Unit 1 Review Answers Discussion Questions – 6, 8, 12 6. The basic functions of a firm are marketing, accounting/finance, and operations. An interesting class discussion: “Do all firms/organizations (private, government, not-for-profit) perform these three functions?” The authors’ hypothesis is yes, they do. 8. Four areas that are important to improving labour productivity are: (1) basic education (basic reading and math skills), (2) diet of the labour force, (3) social overhead that makes labour available (water, sanitation, transportation, etc.), and (4) maintaining and expanding the skills necessary for changing technology and knowledge, as well as for teamwork and motivation. 12. Labour productivity in the service sector is hard to improve because (1) many services are labour intensive and (2) they are individually (personally) processed (the customer is paying for that service—the haircut), (3) it may be an intellectual task performed by professionals, (4) it is often difficult to mechanize and automate, and (5) it is often difficult to evaluate for quality. Problems – 1, 12 (c) Change in productivity = 0.125 boxes/hour (d) 1.12(a) Before: 500/20 = 25 boxes per hour; Unit 2 Review Answers Discussion Questions – 3, 5, 7 3. Sustainability refers to meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs. Sustainability implies that companies consider a systems perspective, the “common,” and look at the triple bottom line, otherwise known as the three Ps: people, planet, and profit. Companies are looking at ways to protect people and the planet, while being profitable. 5. Innovative and sustainably conscious companies are now designing closed-loop supply chains to include reverse logistics. It is no longer acceptable for a company to make and sell a product and then forget about it. Firms are planning and implementing the physical return of products that reach their end of life. For products that are no longer needed or wanted, companies are developing processes that will direct the flow of returned products for discard, recycling, or reuse (remanufacturing). 7. Sustainable business practices can be both a tactical and strategic tool for a business to gain the trust of its consumers as well as to gain a competitive advantage as a caring community member. In addition, sustainable business practices reduce environmental pollution, conserve natural and scarce resources, and help to preserve the health and safety of employees and communities. Problems –1 - 3, 12 – 14 1 Using the following equation, we can compare the two design alternatives: The Brew Mini is the better environmental design alternative, based on achieving a higher revenue retrieval opportunity. 2 The Brew Master would now be the better environmental design alternative, based on achieving a higher revenue retrieval opportunity. 3 By removing the timer from the Brew Master design, the better environmental design alternative based on achieving a higher revenue retrieval opportunity is now the Brew Master coffee maker model. 12 Using the following equation, we can compare the two design alternatives: Revenue Retrieval = Total Resale Revenue + Total Recycling Revenue – Total Processing Cost – Total Disposal Cost a) Revenue Retrieval for GF Deluxe = $8.45 + $12.16 – $10.28 – $5.80 = $4.53 b) Revenue Retrieval for Premium Mate = $8.28 + $10.83 – $9.68 – $6.20 = $3.23 c) The GF Deluxe is the better environmental design alternative based on achieving a higher revenue retrieval opportunity. 13 a) Revenue Retrieval for GF Deluxe = $9.50 + $13.41 – $11.78 – $7.20 = $3.93 b) Revenue Retrieval for Premium Mate = $8.28 + $10.83 – $9.68 – $6.20 = $3.23 The GF Deluxe is still the better environmental design alternative based on achieving a higher revenue retrieval opportunity. 14 a) Revenue Retrieval for GF Deluxe = $8.45 + $12.16 – $10.28 – $5.80 = $4.53 b) Revenue Retrieval for Premium Mate = $8.28 + $11.93 – $8.85 – $6.30 = $5.06 c) By changing the battery in the Premium Mate design, the better environmental design alternative based on achieving a higher revenue retrieval opportunity is now the Premium Mate model. Unit 3 Review Answers Discussion Questions – 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 1 Parts standardization is focused on using similar parts across different products to reduce part/supplier proliferation. This helps with repeatability, product costs, testability, and serviceability. Having the same parts from the same suppliers will offer volume discounts to save costs. It will make servicing easier because there is only one part to worry about, and testability/repeatability will be easier since you are comparing the same parts, apples to apples. Modular architecture focuses on having well-defined chunks and functions of product design. This helps with the repeatability, testability, and matching design with existing capabilities because the well-defined functions help engineers repeat and test the products the same every time, and the definitions will help create designs that match existing capabilities. 2 The advantages of concurrent engineering over sequential engineering are: shortens development times, forces teams to agree and stick to process characteristics early in development, and forces communication between all groups so that issues can be worked out together. Sequential development may be preferable if there is no general agreement on the characteristics of the new product at the beginning of the process. If this is the case, teams will need to create consensus as they go through each process step one-by-one. 4. It is important to consider customers early in the development process because customers are ultimately going to decide if the good is a success and buy it. You want to meet as many of the customers’ needs as possible with the good, so you know what they want when you make it. If you do not find these needs early and incorporate them into the initial design, then you risk having to change design and functionality later at a huge cost. 5. The latest version of an existing product would be better suited for concurrent engineering. The new product has guidelines already established, which makes it easier for phases to overlap without leaving out any large details. The new technology would require each development team to inspect and design their portion of the product so that everything has been deliberately created and looked at before the product is launched. 6. Some benefits of supplier inclusion are gaining a supplier’s insight into the development process, allowing comparisons of proposed production requirements with a supplier’s existing capabilities, and allowing a supplier to begin preproduction work early. The risks are that if you give suppliers the blueprint of your product, you never know if that information could be stolen or given to a competitor. You also are risking losing competition for parts because if you include the supplier in the development then you are really committing to them - for the foreseeable future. Unit 4A Review Answers Discussion Questions – 1, 11, 12, 15, 16 1. Higher quality leads to greater demand, to greater market share, to greater economies of scale. Additionally, higher quality leads to less scrap, rework, and warranty cost, hence to less input required for same output. 11. A Pareto chart’s purpose is to identify the critical problems and separate them from the less important ones. 12. Ishikawa “causes”: material, machinery/equipment, methods, and manpower. 15. Source inspection: consistent with the concept of employee empowerment, individual employees self-check their work and verify the work of the employee preceding them. 16. According to Berry, Zeithaml, and Parasuraman, the 10 determinants of service quality are: Reliability Responsiveness Competence Access Courtesy Communication Credibility Security Understanding/knowing the customer Tangibles Problems –1, 8, 17 1(a) (b) ≈ 39% of complaints, W, are demeaning towards women. 8 Cause-and-effect diagram (also known as a fish-bone chart or an Ishikawa diagram) for a dissatisfied airline customer. 17 Conversion of data into percentages in the first step (rounded to 3 decimal places): Cramped seats = Cost = Dislike/fear flying = Security = Poor service = Connections = Overcrowded planes = Late planes/waits = Food = Luggage = Other = Note that each person had only one complaint. (a) The above dislikes total to 0.81 or 81%. So 19% stated no dislikes (this represents 98 responses). [So 519 – 421 = 98/519 = 19%]. (b) Pareto Chart (c) Fishbone. Note that not at all of these are easily assigned to a specific M. “Fear or dislike of flying” may be Machinery, Material, Manpower, or Methods (the way the passenger is treated). (d) Start with most frequent complaints from the Pareto chart over which you have control as the manager of the airline: late planes, cramped seats, and overcrowding. These comprise about 28% of the dislikes. Security is mostly outside an airline’s control. Unit 4B Review Answers Discussion Questions – 1, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12 1. What is JIT? JIT is a philosophy of continuous and forced problem solving. It is a continuous program that replaces a series of “fad” programs. 6. What are three ways in which lean and quality are related? Quality relates to lean: lean cuts the cost of obtaining good quality; lean improves quality; and better quality means fewer buffers and therefore a better, easier-to-use lean system. 7. What is kaizen, and what is a kaizen event? Kaizen is the Japanese word for changing for the good or, as it is known in lean circles, continuous improvement. In a kaizen event, a group (often a work cell) meets to develop and immediately implement process improvements. The objective is innovative thinking to drive out waste. It is sometimes referred to as a kaizen blitz, especially if carried out rapidly—say, in less than a week. Kaizen blitz is not mentioned in the text. 8. What are the characteristics of supplier partnerships with respect to suppliers? Lean partnering with suppliers; few suppliers; nearby suppliers; repeat business with the same suppliers; analysis to enable desirable suppliers to become/stay price competitive; competitive bidding mostly limited to new purchases; buyer resists vertical integration and subsequent wipeout of supplier business; and suppliers are encouraged to extend lean buying to their suppliers. 11. Does lean production work in the service sector? Provide an example. Lean production is applicable everywhere. It ranges from lean layouts at McDonald’s kitchens (see the Global Company Profile in Chapter 9) to driving down inventory at Arnold Palmer Hospital (see the video case study in this chapter). 12. Which lean techniques work in both the manufacturing and service sectors? Virtually all lean techniques have application in both manufacturing and services. The lean techniques of JIT, layout (work cells), inventory reduction, and tight scheduling have few boundaries. After, 650/24 = 27.08 (b) 27.08/25 = 1.083, or an increase of 8.3% in productivity