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WEL203A: Chronic Illness and Disability WEL203A: Chronic Illness and Disability Week 11: Disability Policies I begin today by acknowledging the Kaurna* people, Traditional Custodians of the land on which we are learning today. I pay my respects to their Elders past, present and emerging. I extend that respect to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples here today. Belinda Golder Kngwarreye | My Country https://japingkaaboriginalart.com/location/adelaide/ *Adelaide, SA.: https://aiatsis.gov.au/explore/map-indigenous-australia Acknowledgement of Country 2 Subject Textbook Textbook: The textbook is a later version of the book identified in the study guide : Falvo, D. R., & Holland, B. E. (2018). Medical and psychosocial aspects of chronic illness and disability (6th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning. https://lesa.on.worldcat.org/oclc/979230621 Look through the textbook - explore sections where causes and factors contributing to disability are considered Additional readings are also noted: in the study guide – there are quite a few identified this week In these slides 4 Consumers and their rights Specific rights for the people living with disability Organizations in Australia for consumers’ right The types and complex causes of neglect and abuse of people who are sick or living with disabilities Key aspects of Attention-Deficit Disorder/Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Chronic fatigue A brief look at “sick building” syndrome Week 10 Recap Week 11 Discussion Forum 6 Please check you BB > Week 11 > Discussion Forum Reply to the question (200 words) and your friends’ post (100 words) Support your response with logic, evidence and pre-readings Use citations/references accordingly Discussion Forum – Week 11 https://www.elephango.com/images/RCLG/12532-age-innocence-5-full.jpg The NDIS promised to transform Australian lives for the better. But there are still some issues and concerns regarding its implementation. The complaints about the scheme reached record levels. In your view, what needs to be done to make the NDIS a more responsive, person-centred scheme? Discuss Week 11 Disability Policies 8 Readings for this week: Week 11 Readings See Readings in Blackboard Some readings are in this slide-set Contents for week 11 Disabilities Fact Sheet (WHO) WHO response to disability Disability policies in Australia Australia’s Disability discrimination Act 1992 Australia’s Disability Strategy 2021 – 2031 National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) Overview, roles and responsibilities Support provided Issues and concerns This week we focus on the different policies and supports related to disabilities in Australia and supports There are over 1 billion people in the world who are living with some forms of disability Significant increment of people living with disability due to demographic trends and high prevalence of chronic health conditions. COVID-19 affected the people with disability to a greater extent. People with disability are experiencing stigma and discrimination in society, and often inside the health system – leading to poor quality health services. Urgent need to scale up the disability inclusion in all levels of the health system, especially in the primary health care level. Disability Fact Sheet https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/disability-and-health Barriers to health care for people with disabilities Attitudinal barriers – stigma and discrimination from health service providers, lack of policies to accommodation, barely involved in decision making about the provision of health services to people with disability Physical barriers – accessibility and transportation, buildings not friendly, inaccessible rooms and toilets, fixed-height furniture Communication barriers – problem with people having hearing impairment, vision impairment, information presented in complicated way/use of jargon Financial barriers – less affordable health services for people with disability from LMIC Disability Fact Sheet https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/disability-and-health Disability inclusion in the health sector Disability is both social and health issue Actions are needed towards disability inclusion in health sector – need to be incorporated while formulation strategies and action plans related to disability Government should realize the importance of disability inclusion to achieve the overall health goals at national and global level For people with disability, government should focus on Universal health coverage without financial hardship Protection during health emergencies Access to cross-sectorial PH interventions, such as WASH services Disability Fact Sheet https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/disability-and-health According to WHO, Disability inclusion is critical in achieving universal health coverage because person with disabilities are: three times more likely to be denied health care four times more likely to be treated badly in the health care system 50% more likely to suffer catastrophic health expenditure. Disability inclusion is critical in achieving better protection from health emergencies because people with disability are affected directly due to increased risk of infection and barriers in accessing healthcare indirectly due to restrictions to reduce spread of virus (e.g., disruptions in support services) Disability Fact Sheet https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/disability-and-health According to WHO, Disability inclusion is critical in achieving better health and well-being because people with disabilities are: 4–10 times more likely to experience violence at higher risk of nonfatal injury from road traffic crashes Children with disabilities are: three times more likely to experience sexual abuse two times more likely to be malnourished. Disability Fact Sheet https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/disability-and-health Committed to improve the access and coverage of health services for people with disability Promoting the inclusion of disability in national health programs among member states Developing guidelines to strengthen disability inclusion within health system Building capacity among health service providers and policy makers Facilitating the collection and dissemination of disability-related data and information Contributing to the United Nations Disability Inclusion Strategy (UNDIS) to promote “sustainable and transformative progress on disability inclusion through all pillars of work of the United Nations”. WHO Response to Disability See more resources at https://www.who.int/health-topics/disability#tab=tab_1 https://www.un.org/development/desa/disabilities/resources.html Disability Strategies and Action Plans by Country/Area https://www.un.org/development/desa/disabilities/strategies.html Disability Laws and Acts by Country/Area https://www.un.org/development/desa/disabilities/disability-laws-and-acts-by-country-area.html Disability fact sheet and policies across countries Australia’s Disability Strategy 2021 – 2031 The Disability Discrimination Act 1992 (Cth) (DDA) Disability policies in Australia The act defines Disability, in relation to a person, means: total or partial loss of the person’s bodily or mental functions; or total or partial loss of a part of the body; or the presence in the body of organisms causing disease or illness; or the presence in the body of organisms capable of causing disease or illness; or the malfunction, malformation or disfigurement of a part of the person’s body; or a disorder or malfunction that results in the person learning differently from a person without the disorder or malfunction; or a disorder, illness or disease that affects a person’s thought processes, perception of reality, emotions or judgment or that results in disturbed behaviour Disability Discrimination Act 1992 Disability is broadly defined within the Disability Discrimination Act ”to include physical, intellectual, sensory, neurological and psychiatric disabilities as well as including people who may have a disease and people with an imputed disability (i.e., being treated as if you have a disability). People like relatives, friends, and carers are also protected if they are discriminated against because of their association with a person with disability.” Australian Human Rights Commission, A brief guide to the D.D.A, ‘Who does the D.D.A protect?’ (2015). https://www.humanrights.gov.au/dda-guide-who-does-dda-protect Disability Discrimination Act 1992 Disability discrimination is when a person with a disability is treated less favourably than a person without the disability in the same or similar circumstances. The definition of “disability” used in the DDA is broad. It includes physical, intellectual, psychiatric, sensory, neurological and learning disabilities. It also includes physical disfigurement and the presence in the body of disease-causing organisms, such as the HIV virus. The DDA covers disabilities that people have now, had in the past, may have in the future or which they are believed to have. Disability Discrimination Act 1992 See DDA Fact Sheet Available at https://www.dese.gov.au/download/2335/fact-sheet-1-disability-discrimination-act-1992/19608/document/pdf It is unlawful to discriminate against someone with disability in the following areas of life: Employment Education Access to premises used by the public Provision of goods, services and facilities Accommodation Buying land Activities of clubs and associations Sports Administration of Commonwealth Government laws and programs Disability Discrimination Act 1992 https://humanrights.gov.au/our-work/disability-rights/overview-dda-disability-discrimination-act Section 7 of the DDA makes it unlawful to discriminate against a person because of a disability or the disability of an associate, such as a friend, partner, carer or family member of the person. Section 8 of the DDA states that discrimination is also unlawful where it occurs because a person with a disability: uses a palliative, therapeutic or assistive device is accompanied by a carer, interpreter, reader or assistant is accompanied by a guide or hearing dog or other trained assistant animal. Disability Discrimination Act 1992 See DDA Fact Sheet Available at https://www.dese.gov.au/download/2335/fact-sheet-1-disability-discrimination-act-1992/19608/document/pdf What the DDA does? The DDA implements Australia’s international human rights obligations under the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities as well as obligations relating to non-discrimination under other treaties, including the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. The DDA also protects people against harassment because of their disability, in employment, education or in getting or using services. The DDA provides a mechanism for individuals to make complaints and seek redress for disability discrimination in certain areas of public life, including education. If a person believes they have been discriminated against they can make a complaint to the Australian Human Rights Commission about discrimination. Disability Discrimination Act 1992 See DDA Fact Sheet Available at https://www.dese.gov.au/download/2335/fact-sheet-1-disability-discrimination-act-1992/19608/document/pdf DDA and Schools The Australian Government supports the right of children with disability to have the same educational opportunities as other children. All state and territory education providers, including government and non-government schools, must comply with the DDA and the relevant disability discrimination legislation of their state or territory. All education providers must also comply with the Disability Standards for Education 2005. Disability standards can be made in the areas of employment, education, public transport services, access to premises, accommodation and the administration of Commonwealth laws and programs. Disability Discrimination Act 1992 See DDA Fact Sheet Available at https://www.dese.gov.au/download/2335/fact-sheet-1-disability-discrimination-act-1992/19608/document/pdf The National Disability Strategy 2010–2020 was the original Strategy by which all levels of governments in Australia are committed to a unified, national approach to building inclusion for people with disability. The strategy was about creating a more inclusive society that enabled Australians with disability to fulfil their potential as equal citizens. The original strategy replaced by the Australia’s Disability Strategy 2021-2031 The new strategy emphasizes on inclusive and accessible Australian society where all people with disability can fulfill their potential as equal members of the society. People with disability needs the equal access and same level of services and facilities in terms of healthcare, education, housing, justice, transport, and so on. Inclusion and access is critical to achieve the best outcomes for people with disability. Australia’s Disability Strategy 2021 – 2031 https://www.dss.gov.au/disability-and-australias-disability-strategy-2021-2031 https://www.ndis.gov.au/understanding/australias-disability-strategy-2021-2031 The Australian, state and territory, and local governments are committed to work together to support people with disability to reach their full potential, as equal members of society Australia’s Disability Strategy 2021-2031 is a national level strategy. State and territory governments have their own disability plans (or are developing plans) Local governments (councils) also have disability plans Australia’s Disability Strategy 2021 – 2031 https://www.dss.gov.au/disability-and-australias-disability-strategy-2021-2031 https://www.ndis.gov.au/understanding/australias-disability-strategy-2021-2031 Vision an inclusive Australian society that ensures people with disability can fulfil their potential, as equal members of the community Purpose provide national leadership towards greater inclusion of people with disability guide activity across all areas of public policy to be inclusive and responsive to people with disability drive mainstream services and systems to improve outcomes for people with disability engage, inform and involve the whole community in achieving a more inclusive society. Australia’s Disability Strategy 2021 – 2031 https://www.dss.gov.au/disability-and-australias-disability-strategy-2021-2031 https://www.ndis.gov.au/understanding/australias-disability-strategy-2021-2031 Outcome Areas Employment and financial security Inclusive homes and communities Safety, rights and justice Personal and community support Education and learning Health and well-being Community attitudes Australia’s Disability Strategy 2021 – 2031 https://www.disabilitygateway.gov.au/document/3106 Employment and Financial Security Outcome People with disability have economic security, enabling them to plan for the future and exercise choice and control over their lives Australia’s Disability Strategy 2021 – 2031 https://www.disabilitygateway.gov.au/document/3106 https://www.disabilitygateway.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/2021-11/1786-australias-disability.pdf Policy priorities Increase employment of people with disability. Improve the transition of young people with disability from education to employment. Strengthen financial independence of people with disability. https://www.workways.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/stock-14-compresed.jp0 g Inclusive homes and communities Outcome – People with disability live in inclusive, accessible and well-designed homes and communities Australia’s Disability Strategy 2021 – 2031 https://www.disabilitygateway.gov.au/document/3106 Policy priorities Increase the availability of affordable housing. Housing is accessible and people with disability have a choice and control about where they live, who they live with, and who comes into their home. People with disability are able to fully participate in social, recreational, sporting, religious and cultural life. The built and natural environment is accessible. Transport systems are accessible for the whole community. Information and communication systems are accessible, reliable and responsive. https://www.brisbane.qld.gov.au/community-and-safety/community-support/disability-access-and-inclusion https://inclusive.sa.gov.au/resources/state-disability-inclusion-plan Safety, Rights and Justice Outcome – The rights of people with disability are promoted, upheld and protected, and people with disability feel safe and enjoy equality before the law Policy Priorities People with disability are safe and feel safe from violence, abuse, neglect and exploitation. Policies, processes and programs provide better responses to people with disability who have experienced trauma. Policies, processes and programs for people