HLTH340 Assessment 2
Weight:50%
Must Complete:Yes
Word Length:2500 words
Notes:Project Report
Due Date:
See the bottom of this page
This assessment relates to:
Learning Outcomes4-5
Task
Use the Case 3 Scenario from your Project Presentation to:
Discuss the manner in which social determinants of health and ageing may impact on the current situation.
Provide a critical analysis of
Three relevant policies on ageing ensuring that you include the overarching frameworks of Person Centred Care and Active Ageing.
Marking Criteria
PERSPECTIVES ON AGEING CASE SCENARIO THREE Signs of ageing Economical changes and Financial requirements Depression and dementia strikes Cutting out the social life Introduction Ageing is a natural process and part of life which can be seen in the human body after the age of 45. Ageing is an irremediable process and has its effects on the skin, hair and other body organs of a human being. This continuous process keeps on going until death. There are a lot of serious effects that ageing conducts in the lives of an individual. Among all these impacts of ageing, the most prominent changes can be seen in the sector of finance for an individual. The financial constraint occurs in the case of older people as there are no regular jobs available for these people. Moreover, this leads older people to cut their social lives out as sometimes they feel unwanted and worthless. As a result, the psychological changes at this age are also coming into occurrence especially for the older people. In this case study, it has been the showcase that the elderly couple Shirley and Peter despite their problems living a happy life at their own. 2 The elderly couple is suffering from deafness and is reluctant to wear hearing aids Peter is self-dependent and financially independent at this age Perspectives of Peter and Shirley and Course of Action from these Aspects (cont.) In this case study, peter is a self-dependent person and is indomitable even at the age of 75. His old age is not a barrier for him and he solely takes care of his wife Shirley who is a diabetes patient and impairment in vision. 3 Shirley is suffering from diabetes Peter takes care of Shirley alone The increasing level of health issues for senior citizens Perspectives of Peter and Shirley and Course of Action from these Aspects Therefore Shirley is totally dependent on Peter to cope with her daily activities. Shirley was never financially independent. On the other hand, Peter and Shirley both are suffering from deafness and is reluctant to use hearing aids which is making their life more difficult. 4 Disengagement Theory of Ageing People of old age become disengaged Disengagement process is acquired to protect the personal image Lack of social activities Theories of Ageing The disengagement theory has been introduced by Elaine Cumming and William Earle Henry in the year 1961. This theory denotes the notion of ageing and emphasizes on the fact that at the old age the elderly people withdraw themselves from participating in any kind of social activities. Therefore, this results in losing the people of the surroundings. In order to maintain the personal image in this stage, the elderly people disengage themselves from society and gets detached from the people. This results in low spirits, desolation and pessimism in lives for these persons. 5 Social Exchange Theory of Aging (contd.) Imbalanced relationship between elderly people and society Feeling of dejection The social exchange theory suggests the fact that the healthy interaction between elderly people and other members of society is important. Through this process, the people with old age can be able to exchange their emotions and will feel wanted which can mitigate the problem of not feeling worthy to be lived in a society. 6 Social Exchange Theory of Aging Pursuit of rewards Financial support This relationship can be established effectively by tailing some rewards in this procedure. These rewards can be the emotional support from the people of surrounding or maybe respect, currency, power and so on. The right implementation of this theory can generate the idea of social acceptance to the elderly people in this society. Through this implementation, the imbalanced relationship between society and older people can be prevented to a huge extent. The elderly people will become more outspoken towards other people and can ask for support when needed. Alongside that, the younger adults can be able to provide financial support to them which will not affect the self-respect of these elderly people of the society. 7 Gender Ageing hits men and women differently Different effects of ageing on men and women The intersection of Age with other Social Categories Ageing is a continuous process that hits men and women differently. In this case, this can be said that women face signs of ageing early compared to men. The emergence of menopause deprived of the femininity is considered as the onset of ageing in women. On the other hand, men do not have such problems. The hormonal changes that men experience are totally different from women. After the emergence of menopause, drastic changes can be seen in the women's body. Therefore it can be said that the effects of ageing are different in the case of both the gender. 8 Continuity Theory of ageing Continuity of similar activities and lifestyle connected to past experiences Promotes individual growth Approval from the society The continuity theory was first developed by George Maddox in the year 1968. This theory demonstrates the behavioral changes of older people during the process of ageing. According to this theory, people of old age continue to engage themselves in the activities they used to do at a young age. This theory depicts the fact that through the ageing process the development and growth of an individual also take place. People with old age learn to adapt to any situation and circumstances and can mould themselves according to the situation. This process contributes to the formation of the internal and external structure of an individual. 9 Class Related to financial and social status Impacts of these statuses on the individuals Diverse impacts of financial status for lower and higher class Socioeconomic status is also an essential aspect of the discussion in this case study. In this section, the relationship between social and financial status of an individual is demonstrated. This class of the elder individuals is determined by the level of the social networks, gender, marital status, health, financial strength and so on. The ageing process of an individual is affected by this class. Thus the class of an individual has a huge influence over the ageing process. The diversity in the sector of the lower class and higher class elderly people is evident in society. These classes are determined mainly by the financial status of older people. 10 Culture and Ethnicity Generalization of ageing in different cultures Older people are comfortable with people of their age group The main emphasis of this part is that ethnicity and culture are linked with each other in the ageing process. A graceful and successful ageing process relies on cultural norms and ethnicity for elderly people. The acceptance of society for older people is very crucial. Generally, older people have more experience, ethics and values about life that is why they are the most sensible persons of society. However, for the maintaining and following the culture and the values are very much paramount. Which is why the seniors of the society are given higher respects irrespective of their culture? Besides, it can be said that people with old age prefers being in the surrounding of the people of their age group. 11 Physical Changes (contd.) Peter and Shirley is suffering from weakness and several health issues Loss of hearing power for Peter, unable to assist his wife Impacts of Physical and Biological changes in Peter and Shirley's Condition The case study suggests the elderly couple Peter and Shirley are affected by several health issues and bones and muscles changes are now a common factor in the case of these two senior couples. Shirley needs a 24 hours assistance as she has lost her vision 12 Physical Changes Financial problem Shirley needs 24-hour assistance . On the other hand, Peter a man with self-respect refuses to wear hearing aids even though he is unable to hear anything without the tool. At this age of 75, it is becoming difficult for Peter to take care of his wife alone because he has lost his physical potency. 13 Biological Changes (contd.) Shirley is suffering from diabetes mellitus Many other diseases are associated with diabetes mellitus Shirley is suffering from diabetes mellitus which is harming her body and she already has lost her vision. Damage of nerve and lower limb are the other problems that are the result of diabetes mellitus. She is developing cardiovascular disease. She needs immediate help and treatment. As she is dependent on Peter who is also ageing and for him it is getting difficult to take care of his wife alone. 14 Biological Changes Needs immediate treatment Shirley and Peter needs assistance from younger assistance They now need younger assistance who will take care of Shirley for the completion of her daily activities. 15 Different perceptions of ageing for different people Couples become dependent on each other in old age Detailed analysis of the theory of ageing Impacts of ageing in the condition of Peter and Shirley Conclusion Through the overview of the entire case study, it can be concluded that ageing is a continuous and indomitable process for the human being. No human can reverse this process; this is the law of nature. Peter and Shirley the old couple are experiencing health, psychological and biological issues because of their old age. As a result of old age, they are suffering from diabetes, vision loss, deafness and so on. The financially dependent Shirley is now completely dependent on Peter. In their case the disengagement theory, continuity theory is present. For their financial solution, they need to get help from the younger adults otherwise they will find it very difficult to survive in their old age. 16 Bengtson, V. L., & DeLiema, M. (2016) Theories of ageing and social gerontology: Explaining how social factors influence well-being in later life, Gerontology: Changes, Challenges, and Solutions [2 volumes]: Changes, Challenges, and Solutions, 25 Bleidorn, W., Arslan, R. C., Denissen, J. J., Rentfrow, P. J., Gebauer, J. E., Potter, J., & Gosling, S. D. (2016). Age and gender differences in self-esteem—A cross-cultural window, Journal of personality and social psychology, 111(3), 396 Cooper, A. D., & Beehr, T. A. (2015) Retirement and Continuity Theory, Encyclopaedia of Geropsychology, 1-8 DeLiema, M., & Bengtson, V. L. (2017) Activity Theory, Disengagement Theory, and Successful Aging, Encyclopaedia of Geropsychology, 15-20 Ericsson, M., Lundholm, C., Fors, S., Aslan, A. K. D., Zavala, C., Reynolds, C. A., & Pedersen, N. L. (2017). Childhood social class and cognitive aging in the Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114(27), 7001-7006 Franzese, A. T., & Rurka, M. M. (2016) Theories of Aging, Encyclopaedia of Family Studies, 1-9. Gutchess, A. H.,