Task Use the case scenario from your Project Presentation to: Discuss the manner in which social determinants of health and ageing may impact on the c Task Use the case scenario from your Project...

Running Head: NURSING         1
NURSING        8
NURSING
Table of Contents
Introduction    3
Impact of Social Determinants of Health on Peter and Shirley    3
Belongingness    4
Socioeconomic and Cultural Factors    6
Housing    7
Transport    8
National Legal and Policy Framework Relevant to Ageing and their Relationship to International Trends    9
International Policy and Legal Framework    9
National Policy    9
State Policy    10
Conclusion    11
References    13
Introduction
    Ageing can be defined as the process of getting older. People at the age of 50 years or above, show the signs of ageing, which are visible on the body such as loosening of skin and deteriorating of the vital organs of the body. Getting old is a constant phenomenon, every passing day people get old. The duration between first visible sign of ageing until last breath of the individual is called older age of a person. During ageing, people undergo many transitions; these are physical, mental and biological transitions.
There are many phases of transitions, which occur simultaneously or in a series. These phases are retirement from working life, grievance of the death of close ones, changes in the body, and finally dying and death. It has been seen that ageing has high impact on the people going through this process (Bloom et al., 2015). The lack of jobs develops the financial constraints and prevents them to contribute in family. This results in the development of questions of existence in the older adults. There are many diseases such as dementia and depression, which either occur in old age or progress with ageing.
There are many social determinants of health such as income, community network, housing, and transport, which have high impact on older adult (Williams, 2017). As per the case scenario, Peter is 78 years-old man who is independent and the sole care provider of his wife Shirley. He is industrial blind and refused to wear hearing aid. His wife Shirley is completely dependent on Peter and has Type II diabetes mellitus, as well as is vision impaired. Nevertheless, Peter takes pride in taking care of Shirley.
Impact of Social Determinants of Health on Peter and Shirley
    Social determinant of health has high impact on the ageing. As suggested by Dow, Sparrow, Moore, Gaffy and Yates (2013), social determinant of the health can be defined as social characteristics or social factors, in which life occur for the people. There are many factors, which are considered as social determinants of health on ageing such as cultural factors, behaviour factor, housing, psychological factor, and community network. These factors are helpful in finding the deep-rooted issues faced by people during ageing.
The social determinants of health that affect ageing are income, housing, belonging, transport, and community network (World Health Organization, 2019). As noted by Thornton et al. (2016), all the social determinant of health is interconnected with each other. One factor influences the other factors. The poverty is one of the main factors, which influence all other social determinants. For example, elderly population suffering from poverty either are homeless or fail to get proper housing facilities. The society often prefers to neglect them as a part of the community or society.
Belongingness
    The older people find it difficult to adjust with the society. They have many questions related to their belongingness. There is very high rate of discrimination towards them. As mentioned by Charpentier and Soulieres (2013), elderly people often get victim of abuse. They face ageism and neglect of the society. The elderly depression is common because of the neglect from the society. Since most of the people get themselves separated from the society due to chronic diseases or death of loved ones, yet it has been seen that society also sidelined the needs of the elderly population. There has been long history of struggles elderly people faced for belongingness in society as well as in family.
    As mentioned by Rinnan et al. (2018), after the retirement from the jobs, elderly people fail to make financial contribution in the house or in the community, which often result in negligence of them in taking important decisions in the house. This negligence develops the sense of insecurity in the elderly population. They often raise questions about their existence and belongingness in the society. They start asking about they worthiness and try to find the reason they are alive (Zhang & Zhang, 2017). This slips them into old age depression.
During the period of ageing, elderly population faces the substantial loss of the people around them. They face the loss of loved ones, spouse, friends and other belonging to the same peer group. This grievance develops the urge of remain in the isolation, which in a long run, either pushes them in depression or make their depression worse (Guidry & Cukrowicz, 2016). This isolation is not handled often, as younger population is busy to give them company. The engagement of younger population results in the neglect of the elderly population.
As suggested by Asiamah (2018), according to disengagement theory of ageing, elderly people withdraw or disengage themselves from their social lives as well as social relationships, which used to be part of their lives during their younger ages. They willingly withdraw from the social engagement. They believe that they are unwanted by the society, which is why they are more drawn to isolation. They fail to participate in the social events as well as in family get-together. As noted by Yung, Conejos, and Chan (2016), suffering from long-term diseases like cancer and dementia become too tired to participate in the social events in their later age.
Although, some of the elderly populations, who belong to the privileged group, take the voluntary retirement to enjoy their end years of life; however, these people have their own social circles and society, in which they feel belonged. These people are shifted to care homes, which have sophisticated design to support high quality care to the elderly population (Sarin, Punyaapriya, Sethi & Nagar, 2016). They have strong community network to get proper support and care. On the contrary, elderly population suffering from mental issues or belonging to poor community struggle to get the basic needs.
As mentioned by Nelson (2016), these people fail to get the basic care and pushed in the dark phase by the behavior of the society. Occurrence of ageism is most witnessed by these vulnerable groups of elderly population. As a result, these groups are suffering from isolation. Some of them develop suicidal tendencies and try to end their lives. Some of them become dependent on begging to get the one-time meal. As per the case study, Peter and Shirley are happy living together in isolation. Peter takes care of Shirley, which give both the sense of belongingness.
Socioeconomic and Cultural Factors
    Social, economic and cultural factors have always been looked associated with each other and studied in connection...